DelayQueue延时队列操作实例

DelayQueue延时队列，当队列中的元素到达延迟时间时才会被取出。队列元素会按照最终执行时间在队列中进行排序。

最近刚学，本篇先给出一个实际使用的例子。
首先队列对象当然就是DelayQueue。而队列元素则需要实现Delayed这个接口，并实现该接口compareTo方法和getDelay方法。

首先定义该元素及其属性。

class DelayTask implements Delayed {
    public String name;
    public Long delayTime;
    public TimeUnit delayTimeUnit;
    public Long executeTime;//ms

    DelayTask(String name, long delayTime, TimeUnit delayTimeUnit) {
        this.name = name;
        this.delayTime = delayTime;
        this.delayTimeUnit = delayTimeUnit;
        this.executeTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + delayTimeUnit.toMillis(delayTime);
    }
}

getDelay方法的作用即是计算当前时间到执行时间之间还有多长时间。
如下，返回unit单位下该延迟时间的值。

@Override
public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
    return unit.convert(executeTime - System.currentTimeMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}

compareTo方法的作用即是判断队列中元素的顺序谁前谁后。当前元素比队列元素后执行时，返回一个正数，比它先执行时返回一个负数，否则返回0.

@Override
public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
    if(this.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) > o.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
        return 1;
    }else if(this.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) < o.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

最后我们用个简单的方法测试下：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    DelayQueue<DelayTask> queue = new DelayQueue<>();
    queue.add(new DelayTask("1", 1L, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
    queue.add(new DelayTask("2", 2L, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
    queue.add(new DelayTask("3", 3L, TimeUnit.SECONDS));

    System.out.println("queue put done");

    while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
        try {
            DelayTask task = queue.take();
            System.out.println(task.name + ":" + System.currentTimeMillis());

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

运行结果如下：

queue put done
1:1504498317145
2:1504498318145
3:1504498319145

下面是完整的代码：

public class DelayQueueTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DelayQueue<DelayTask> queue = new DelayQueue<>();
        queue.add(new DelayTask("1", 1000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
        queue.add(new DelayTask("2", 2000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
        queue.add(new DelayTask("3", 3000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));

        System.out.println("queue put done");

        while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
            try {
                DelayTask task = queue.take();
                System.out.println(task.name + ":" + System.currentTimeMillis());

            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}
class DelayTask implements Delayed {
    public String name;
    public Long delayTime;
    public TimeUnit delayTimeUnit;
    public Long executeTime;//ms

    DelayTask(String name, long delayTime, TimeUnit delayTimeUnit) {
        this.name = name;
        this.delayTime = delayTime;
        this.delayTimeUnit = delayTimeUnit;
        this.executeTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + delayTimeUnit.toMillis(delayTime);
    }


    @Override
    public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
        if(this.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) > o.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
            return 1;
        }else if(this.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) < o.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
            return -1;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
        return unit.convert(executeTime - System.currentTimeMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

}