Time Limit: 2000MS | Memory Limit: 65536K | |
Total Submissions: 18736 | Accepted: 7234 |
Description
Advanced Cargo Movement, Ltd. uses trucks of different types. Some trucks are used for vegetable delivery, other for furniture, or for bricks. The company has its own code describing each type of a truck. The code is simply a string of exactly seven lowercase letters (each letter on each position has a very special meaning but that is unimportant for this task). At the beginning of company's history, just a single truck type was used but later other types were derived from it, then from the new types another types were derived, and so on.
Today, ACM is rich enough to pay historians to study its history. One thing historians tried to find out is so called derivation plan -- i.e. how the truck types were derived. They defined the distance of truck types as the number of positions with different letters in truck type codes. They also assumed that each truck type was derived from exactly one other truck type (except for the first truck type which was not derived from any other type). The quality of a derivation plan was then defined as
1/Σ(to,td)d(to,td)
where the sum goes over all pairs of types in the derivation plan such that t o is the original type and t d the type derived from it and d(t o,t d) is the distance of the types.
Since historians failed, you are to write a program to help them. Given the codes of truck types, your program should find the highest possible quality of a derivation plan.
Today, ACM is rich enough to pay historians to study its history. One thing historians tried to find out is so called derivation plan -- i.e. how the truck types were derived. They defined the distance of truck types as the number of positions with different letters in truck type codes. They also assumed that each truck type was derived from exactly one other truck type (except for the first truck type which was not derived from any other type). The quality of a derivation plan was then defined as
where the sum goes over all pairs of types in the derivation plan such that t o is the original type and t d the type derived from it and d(t o,t d) is the distance of the types.
Since historians failed, you are to write a program to help them. Given the codes of truck types, your program should find the highest possible quality of a derivation plan.
Input
The input consists of several test cases. Each test case begins with a line containing the number of truck types, N, 2 <= N <= 2 000. Each of the following N lines of input contains one truck type code (a string of seven lowercase letters). You may assume that the codes uniquely describe the trucks, i.e., no two of these N lines are the same. The input is terminated with zero at the place of number of truck types.
Output
For each test case, your program should output the text "The highest possible quality is 1/Q.", where 1/Q is the quality of the best derivation plan.
Sample Input
4 aaaaaaa baaaaaa abaaaaa aabaaaa 0
Sample Output
The highest possible quality is 1/3.
Source
CTU Open 2003
题目可以看成最小生成树问题,将句子看做节点,距离看做权值,题目中描述的距离的计算是这样子的:
dis(i,j)=第i个句子和第j个句子,对应位置不同的字母数;
明显点数小于边数,所以用prime;
代码:
题目可以看成最小生成树问题,将句子看做节点,距离看做权值,题目中描述的距离的计算是这样子的:
dis(i,j)=第i个句子和第j个句子,对应位置不同的字母数;
明显点数小于边数,所以用prime;
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <queue>
#define N 2010
#define INF 1000000000
using namespace std;
char a[N][8];
int map[N][N],lowcost[N];
int visit[N];
void init(int n)初始化
{
int i,j;
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
map[i][j]=INF;
}
}
int prime(int n)//
{
int ans=0,i,j,cnt=0;
int posy,min1;
memset(visit,0,sizeof(visit));
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
lowcost[i]=map[0][i];///lowcost数组赋初值
for(i=0; i<n; )
{
min1=INF;
for(j=0;j<n;j++)//更新lowcost数组
{
if(!visit[j]&&i!=j&&lowcost[j]>map[i][j])
{
lowcost[j]=map[i][j];
}
}
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
if(i!=j)
{
if(!visit[j]&&min1>lowcost[j])
{
posy=j;
min1=lowcost[j];
}
}
}
ans+=min1;
cnt++;
visit[i]=1;
if(cnt==n-1)///当生成最小生成树时,退出
break;
i=posy;
}
return ans;
}
int dis(int i,int j)///求两个句子之间的距离
{
int k,cnt=0;
if(i==j)
return 0;
for(k=0; k<7; k++)
{
if(a[i][k]!=a[j][k])
cnt++;
}
//cout<<cnt<<endl;
return cnt;
}
int main()
{
int n,i,j,ans;
while(~scanf("%d",&n)&&n)
{
memset(a,'\0',sizeof(a[0])*N);
memset(visit,0,sizeof(visit));
init(n);
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
scanf("%s",a[i]);
}
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
for(j=i+1; j<n; j++)
{
map[i][j]=map[j][i]=dis(i,j);
}
}
ans=prime(n);
printf("The highest possible quality is 1/%d.\n",ans);
}
return 0;
}