LeetCode Word Search II

LeetCode Word Search II

题目

思路

结合Trie和DFS即可。
用C写真是虐心。
也不知道有没有内存泄露。
如有，望指正。

代码

struct TrieNode {
    char c;
    // sons for "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\0"
    struct TrieNode * son[27];  
};

struct TrieNode * trieCreate() {
    struct TrieNode * trieNode = 
        (struct TrieNode*)malloc(sizeof(struct TrieNode));
    trieNode->c = '\0';
    memset(trieNode->son, 0, sizeof(trieNode->son));
    return trieNode;
}

void insert(struct TrieNode * root, char * word) {
    if (*word == '\0') {
        root->son[26] = trieCreate();
        // notice that '\0' is important. There's "abc\0" 
        // in Trie doesn't mean there's a word "ab\0".
        root->son[26]->c = '\0';
        return;
    }
    if (root->son[*word - 'a'] == NULL) {
        root->son[*word - 'a'] = trieCreate();
        root->son[*word - 'a']->c = *word;
        insert(root->son[*word - 'a'], word + 1);
    }
    else {
        insert(root->son[*word - 'a'], word + 1);
    }
}

bool search(struct TrieNode * root, char * word) {
    if (*word == '\0') {
        // notice that '\0' is important. There's "abc\0" 
        // in Trie doesn't mean there's a word "ab\0".
        if (root->son[26] != NULL) return true;  
        else return false;
    }
    if (root->son[*word - 'a'] == NULL) {
        return false;
    }
    else {
        return search(root->son[*word - 'a'], word + 1);
    }
}

void trieFree(struct TrieNode* root) {
    if (root != NULL) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
            trieFree(root->son[i]);
        }
        free(root);
    }
}

char * AnAns;  // 一个答案
char ** Ans;  // 一组答案
char ** Board;  // 输入的board
bool ** vis;  // 是否访问过
int AnsSize;  // 答案的数量
int WordsSize;  // 输入的单词数量
int WordMaxLength;  // 输入的单词的最大长度
int LastWordSize = 0;  // 上一次的输入单词数量
int BoardRowSize, BoardColSize;  // board的属性
int dir[4][2] = { -1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 1 };  // 四个方向
struct TrieNode * ExistWords, *Root;  // 前者为是否已经找到，后者为建立的Trie

void dfs(struct TrieNode * nowLevel, int pi, int pj, int p) {
    if (AnsSize >= WordsSize) return;  // 如果答案数已经达到最大
    if (p > WordMaxLength) return;  // 如果位置超过了最长的单词长度
    if (nowLevel->son[26] != NULL) {  // 如果找到了某个单词的结尾
        AnAns[p] = '\0';  // 更改结尾符
        if (!search(ExistWords, AnAns)) {  // 如果这个单词没有被找到过
            insert(ExistWords, AnAns);  // 那么把它标记为找到过
            strcpy(Ans[AnsSize++], AnAns);  // 然后放入答案中
        }
    }
    for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
        int gi = pi + dir[k][0];
        int gj = pj + dir[k][1];
        // 如果在范围内、没有访问过、在Trie中也有这个单词字母，那就继续DFS
        if (0 <= gi && gi < BoardRowSize && 0 <= gj && gj < BoardColSize
            && !vis[gi][gj] && nowLevel->son[Board[gi][gj] - 'a'] != NULL) {
            vis[gi][gj] = true;
            AnAns[p] = Board[gi][gj];
            dfs(nowLevel->son[Board[gi][gj] - 'a'], gi, gj, p + 1);
            vis[gi][gj] = false;
        }
    }
}

char ** findWords(char ** board, int boardRowSize,
    int boardColSize, char ** words, int wordsSize, int * returnSize) {

    Root = trieCreate();  // 创建Trie
    ExistWords = trieCreate();  // 创建标记Trie
    Board = board;
    BoardRowSize = boardRowSize;
    BoardColSize = boardColSize;
    WordsSize = wordsSize;
    WordMaxLength = 0;
    AnsSize = 0;

    // 将所有单词插入Trie
    for (int i = 0; i < wordsSize; i++) {
        int Length = strlen(words[i]);
        if (Length > WordMaxLength) WordMaxLength = Length;
        insert(Root, words[i]);
    }
    // 初始化vis
    vis = (bool**)malloc(sizeof(bool*) * boardRowSize);
    for (int i = 0; i < boardRowSize; i++) {
        vis[i] = (bool*)malloc(sizeof(bool) * (boardColSize));
        for (int j = 0; j < boardColSize; j++) vis[i][j] = false;
    }
    // 把上一次使用的Ans数组free掉，并新建一个
    for (int i = 0; i < LastWordSize; i++) free(Ans[i]);
    free(Ans);
    LastWordSize = WordsSize;
    Ans = (char**)malloc(sizeof(char*) * wordsSize);
    for (int i = 0; i < wordsSize; i++) {
        Ans[i] = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * (WordMaxLength + 1));
    }

    AnAns = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char*) * (WordMaxLength + 1));

    for (int i = 0; i < boardRowSize && !(AnsSize >= wordsSize); i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < boardColSize; j++) {
            if (Root->son[board[i][j] - 'a'] != NULL) {
                vis[i][j] = true;
                AnAns[0] = board[i][j];
                dfs(Root->son[board[i][j] - 'a'], i, j, 1);
                vis[i][j] = false;
                if (AnsSize >= wordsSize) break;
            }
        }
    }
    // free
    for (int i = 0; i < boardRowSize; i++) free(vis[i]);
    free(vis);
    free(AnAns);
    trieFree(Root);
    trieFree(ExistWords);

    *returnSize = AnsSize;
    return Ans;
}