Pyvista---(4)pyvista中常用的函数和应用1

1. 多个图，类似于matplotlib

p = pv.Plotter(shape=(3, 3))
p.subplot(0, 0)

2. 指定颜色和平滑阴影

supertoroid.plot(color="tan", smooth_shading=True)

3. 创建点云

import pyvista as pv
import numpy as np
## 生成一组点云的坐标，然后构建点云的mesh
points = np.random.rand(30000, 3)
point_cloud = pv.PolyData(points)
print np.allclose(points, point_cloud.points)#检测是否一致
# 画点云
point_cloud.plot(eye_dome_lighting=True)

3.1 给点云赋值

## 给点云赋值，这里就把z轴坐标的值赋值给点云
data = points[:,-1]
point_cloud["value"] = data
point_cloud.plot(render_points_as_spheres=True)

3.2 画向量,把向量的值存在点云中

因为mesh个一给点赋很多的值，通过字典的形式，只需要个数对的上，还有就是mesh中点的顺序要和值的存储顺序一样。

def compute_vectors(mesh):
    origin = mesh.center
    vectors = mesh.points - origin
    vectors = vectors / np.linalg.norm(vectors, axis=1)[:, None]
    return vectors

vectors = compute_vectors(point_cloud)
point_cloud['vectors'] = vectors
arrows = point_cloud.glyph(orient='vectors', scale=False, factor=0.15,) #通过这个函数构建箭头
# Display the arrows
plotter = pv.Plotter()
plotter.add_mesh(point_cloud, color='maroon', point_size=10.,
                 render_points_as_spheres=True)
plotter.add_mesh(arrows, color='lightblue')
# plotter.add_point_labels([point_cloud.center,], ['Center',],
#                          point_color='yellow', point_size=20)
plotter.show_grid()
plotter.show()

4. 画多面的图，并不是封闭

import pyvista as pv
# mesh points
vertices = np.array([[0, 0, 0],
                     [1, 0, 0],
                     [1, 1, 0],
                     [0, 1, 0],
                     [0.5, 0.5, -1]])

# mesh faces,这个还不知道是什么意思，怎么定义？
faces = np.hstack([[4, 0, 1, 2, 3],  # square
                   [3, 0, 1, 4],     # triangle
                   [3, 1, 2, 4]])    # triangle

surf = pv.PolyData(vertices, faces)
surf.cell_arrays['scalars'] = np.arange(3)
# plot each face with a different color
# surf.plot(scalars=np.arange(3), cpos=[-1, 1, 0.5])

p = pv.Plotter() ## 建一个普通画板
# p = pv.BackgroundPlotter() ## 建一个交互式画板
p.camera_position = [-1, 1, 0.5]
p.add_mesh(surf)
p.show()

5. 画线条

https://docs.pyvista.org/examples/00-load/create-spline.html

def make_points():
    """Helper to make XYZ points"""
    theta = np.linspace(-4 * np.pi, 4 * np.pi, 100)
    z = np.linspace(-2, 2, 100)
    r = z**2 + 1
    x = r * np.sin(theta)
    y = r * np.cos(theta)
    return np.column_stack((x, y, z))

points = make_points()

def polyline_from_points(points):
    poly = pv.PolyData()
    poly.points = points
    the_cell = np.arange(0, len(points), dtype=np.int)
    the_cell = np.insert(the_cell, 0, len(points))
    poly.lines = the_cell
    return poly

polyline = polyline_from_points(points)
polyline["scalars"] = np.arange(polyline.n_points)
tube = polyline.tube(radius=0.1)
tube.plot(smooth_shading=True)

5.1 让线条更加平滑

通过插值

# Create spline with 1000 interpolation points
spline = pv.Spline(points, 1000)

# add scalars to spline and plot it
spline["scalars"] = np.arange(spline.n_points)
tube = spline.tube(radius=0.1)
tube.plot(smooth_shading=True)

5.2 画中心线/细线

样条线也可以绘制为普通线

# generate same spline with 400 interpolation points
spline = pv.Spline(points, 400)

# plot without scalars
spline.plot(line_width=4, color="k")

6. 绘制表明，曲面，三维mask

https://docs.pyvista.org/examples/00-load/create-structured-surface.html

首先构建一个numpy的meshgrid，然后用pyvista画。

import pyvista as pv
from pyvista import examples
import numpy as np

x = np.arange(-10, 10, 0.25)
y = np.arange(-10, 10, 0.25)
x, y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
r = np.sqrt(x ** 2 + y ** 2)
z = np.sin(r)

grid = pv.StructuredGrid(x, y, z)
grid.plot()

访问其中的点的值：

grid.points

6.1 绘制平均曲率

# Plot mean curvature as well
grid.plot_curvature(clim=[-1, 1])

7 创建一个空的grid结构，然后设置坐标

坐标的顺序是对的才可以，不然画出来会是乱的。

points = np.random.rand(30000, 3)

mesh = pv.StructuredGrid()
# Set the coordinates from the numpy array
mesh.points = points
# set the dimensions
mesh.dimensions = [29, 32, 1]

# and then inspect it!
mesh.plot(show_edges=True, show_grid=True, cpos="xy")

下图就是乱的，因为坐标是随机生成的，坐标的顺序是混乱的。