389. Find the Difference --字符串的共同字符

389. Find the Difference

Given two strings s and t which consist of only lowercase letters.

String t is generated by random shuffling string s and then add one more letter at a random position.

Find the letter that was added in t.

Example:

Input:
s = "abcd"
t = "abcde"

Output:
e

Explanation:
'e' is the letter that was added.

解1：
找出不同的字符串，和前面的找单身狗的差不多，两个字符串相加后两个字符串中都出现过的字符应该是偶数，所以使用亦或运算。

class Solution(object):
    def findTheDifference(self, s, t):
        """
        :type s: str
        :type t: str
        :rtype: str
        """
        return chr(reduce(operator.xor, map(ord, s + t)))

工具

map(),这个不多说

reduce()

这个是向后计算

ord()

ord() 参数是一个ascii字符，返回值是对应的十进制整数
chr() 参数是十进制放回的是ascii字符
后面xor()异或运算必须是数值类型的变量，chr型的不可以。

使用了operator.xor()，operator模块提供了运算符模块。

a = [1,2,3]
b = [5,6,7]
c = map(operator.mul, a, b)
c的值就为[5, 12, 21]

abs(...)
    abs(a) -- Same as abs(a).

add(...)
    add(a, b) -- Same as a + b.

and_(...)
    and_(a, b) -- Same as a & b.

concat(...)
    concat(a, b) -- Same as a + b, for a and b sequences.

contains(...)
    contains(a, b) -- Same as b in a (note reversed operands).

countOf(...)
    countOf(a, b) -- Return the number of times b occurs in a.

delitem(...)
    delitem(a, b) -- Same as del a[b].

delslice(...)
    delslice(a, b, c) -- Same as del a[b:c].

div(...)
    div(a, b) -- Same as a / b when __future__.division is not in effect.

eq(...)
    eq(a, b) -- Same as a==b.

floordiv(...)
    floordiv(a, b) -- Same as a // b.

ge(...)
    ge(a, b) -- Same as a>=b.

getitem(...)
    getitem(a, b) -- Same as a[b].

getslice(...)
    getslice(a, b, c) -- Same as a[b:c].

gt(...)
    gt(a, b) -- Same as a>b.

iadd(...)
    iadd(a, b) -- Same as a += b.

iand(...)
    iand(a, b) -- Same as a &= b.

iconcat(...)
    iconcat(a, b) -- Same as a += b, for a and b sequences.

idiv(...)
    idiv(a, b) -- Same as a /= b when __future__.division is not in effect.

ifloordiv(...)
    ifloordiv(a, b) -- Same as a //= b.

ilshift(...)
    ilshift(a, b) -- Same as a <<= b.

imod(...)
    imod(a, b) -- Same as a %= b.

imul(...)
    imul(a, b) -- Same as a *= b.
index(...)
    index(a) -- Same as a.__index__()

indexOf(...)
    indexOf(a, b) -- Return the first index of b in a.

inv(...)
    inv(a) -- Same as ~a.

invert(...)
    invert(a) -- Same as ~a.

ior(...)
    ior(a, b) -- Same as a |= b.

ipow(...)
    ipow(a, b) -- Same as a **= b.

irepeat(...)
    irepeat(a, b) -- Same as a *= b, where a is a sequence, and b is an integer.

irshift(...)
    irshift(a, b) -- Same as a >>= b.

isCallable(...)
    isCallable(a) -- Same as callable(a).

isMappingType(...)
    isMappingType(a) -- Return True if a has a mapping type, False otherwise.

isNumberType(...)
    isNumberType(a) -- Return True if a has a numeric type, False otherwise.

isSequenceType(...)
    isSequenceType(a) -- Return True if a has a sequence type, False otherwise.

is_(...)
    is_(a, b) -- Same as a is b.
is_not(...)
    is_not(a, b) -- Same as a is not b.

isub(...)
    isub(a, b) -- Same as a -= b.

itruediv(...)
    itruediv(a, b) -- Same as a /= b when __future__.division is in effect.

ixor(...)
    ixor(a, b) -- Same as a ^= b.

le(...)
    le(a, b) -- Same as a<=b.

lshift(...)
    lshift(a, b) -- Same as a << b.

lt(...)
    lt(a, b) -- Same as a<b.

mod(...)
    mod(a, b) -- Same as a % b.

mul(...)
    mul(a, b) -- Same as a * b.

ne(...)
    ne(a, b) -- Same as a!=b.

neg(...)
    neg(a) -- Same as -a.

not_(...)
    not_(a) -- Same as not a.

or_(...)
    or_(a, b) -- Same as a | b.
pos(...)
    pos(a) -- Same as +a.

pow(...)
    pow(a, b) -- Same as a ** b.

repeat(...)
    repeat(a, b) -- Return a * b, where a is a sequence, and b is an integer.

rshift(...)
    rshift(a, b) -- Same as a >> b.

sequenceIncludes(...)
    sequenceIncludes(a, b) -- Same as b in a (note reversed operands; deprecated).

setitem(...)
    setitem(a, b, c) -- Same as a[b] = c.

setslice(...)
    setslice(a, b, c, d) -- Same as a[b:c] = d.

sub(...)
    sub(a, b) -- Same as a - b.

truediv(...)
    truediv(a, b) -- Same as a / b when __future__.division is in effect.

truth(...)
    truth(a) -- Return True if a is true, False otherwise.

xor(...)
    xor(a, b) -- Same as a ^ b.