React Native app for iOS.

Setting up the development environment · React Native

Node & Watchman

We recommend installing Node and Watchman using Homebrew. Run the following commands in a Terminal after installing Homebrew:

brew install node 

brew install watchman

If you have already installed Node on your system, make sure it is Node 8.3 or newer.

Watchman is a tool by Facebook for watching changes in the filesystem. It is highly recommended you install it for better performance.

Xcode & CocoaPods

The easiest way to install Xcode is via the Mac App Store. Installing Xcode will also install the iOS Simulator and all the necessary tools to build your iOS app.

sudo gem install cocoapods

For more information, please visit CocoaPods Getting Started guide.

React Native Command Line Interface

React Native has a built-in command line interface. Rather than install and manage a specific version of the CLI globally, we recommend you access the current version at runtime using npx, which ships with Node.js. With npx react-native <command>, the current stable version of the CLI will be downloaded and executed at the time the command is run.

Creating a new application

If you previously installed a global react-native-cli package, please remove it as it may cause unexpected issues.

You can use React Native's built-in command line interface to generate a new project. Let's create a new React Native project called "AwesomeProject":

Integration with Existing Apps

Integration with Existing Apps · React Native

Key Concepts

The keys to integrating React Native components into your iOS application are to:

1. Set up React Native dependencies and directory structure.
2. Understand what React Native components you will use in your app.
3. Add these components as dependencies using CocoaPods.
4. Develop your React Native components in JavaScript.
5. Add a RCTRootView to your iOS app. This view will serve as the container for your React Native component.
6. Start the React Native server and run your native application.
7. Verify that the React Native aspect of your application works as expected.

1. Set up directory structure

To ensure a smooth experience, create a new folder for your integrated React Native project, then copy your existing iOS project to a /ios subfolder.

2. Install JavaScript dependencies

Go to the root directory for your project and create a new package.json file with the following contents:

{
  "name": "MyReactNativeApp",
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "start": "yarn react-native start"
  }
}

Next, make sure you have installed the yarn package manager.

Install the react and react-native packages. Open a terminal or command prompt, then navigate to the directory with your package.json file and run:

$ yarn add react-native

This will print a message similar to the following (scroll up in the yarn output to see it):

warning "react-native@0.52.2" has unmet peer dependency "react@16.2.0".

This is OK, it means we also need to install React:

$ yarn add react@version_printed_above

Yarn has created a new /node_modules folder. This folder stores all the JavaScript dependencies required to build your project.

Add node_modules/ to your .gitignore file.

3. Install CocoaPods​

CocoaPods is a package management tool for iOS and macOS development. We use it to add the actual React Native framework code locally into your current project.

We recommend installing CocoaPods using Homebrew.

$ brew install cocoapods

It is technically possible not to use CocoaPods, but that would require manual library and linker additions that would overly complicate this process.

Adding React Native to your app​

Assume the app for integration is a 2048 game. Here is what the main menu of the native application looks like without React Native.

Command Line Tools for Xcode​

Install the Command Line Tools. Choose "Preferences..." in the Xcode menu. Go to the Locations panel and install the tools by selecting the most recent version in the Command Line Tools dropdown.

Configuring CocoaPods dependencies​

Before you integrate React Native into your application, you will want to decide what parts of the React Native framework you would like to integrate. We will use CocoaPods to specify which of these "subspecs" your app will depend on.

The list of supported subspecs is available in /node_modules/react-native/React.podspec. They are generally named by functionality. For example, you will generally always want the Core subspec. That will get you the AppRegistry, StyleSheet, View and other core React Native libraries. If you want to add the React Native Text library (e.g., for <Text> elements), then you will need the RCTText subspec. If you want the Image library (e.g., for <Image> elements), then you will need the RCTImage subspec.

You can specify which subspecs your app will depend on in a Podfile file. The easiest way to create a Podfile is by running the CocoaPods init command in the /ios subfolder of your project:

$ pod init

The Podfile will contain a boilerplate setup that you will tweak for your integration purposes.

The Podfile version changes depending on your version of react-native. Refer to Upgrade React Native applications for the specific version of Podfile you should be using.

Ultimately, your Podfile should look something similar to this:

source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'

# Required for Swift apps
platform :ios, '8.0'
use_frameworks!

# The target name is most likely the name of your project.
target 'swift-2048' do

  # Your 'node_modules' directory is probably in the root of your project,
  # but if not, adjust the `:path` accordingly
  pod 'React', :path => '../node_modules/react-native', :subspecs => [
    'Core',
    'CxxBridge', # Include this for RN >= 0.47
    'DevSupport', # Include this to enable In-App Devmenu if RN >= 0.43
    'RCTText',
    'RCTNetwork',
    'RCTWebSocket', # needed for debugging
    # Add any other subspecs you want to use in your project
  ]
  # Explicitly include Yoga if you are using RN >= 0.42.0
  pod "Yoga", :path => "../node_modules/react-native/ReactCommon/yoga"

  # Third party deps podspec link
  pod 'DoubleConversion', :podspec => '../node_modules/react-native/third-party-podspecs/DoubleConversion.podspec'
  pod 'glog', :podspec => '../node_modules/react-native/third-party-podspecs/glog.podspec'
  pod 'Folly', :podspec => '../node_modules/react-native/third-party-podspecs/Folly.podspec'

end

After you have created your Podfile, you are ready to install the React Native pod.

$ pod install

You should see output such as:

Analyzing dependencies
Fetching podspec for `React` from `../node_modules/react-native`
Downloading dependencies
Installing React (0.62.0)
Generating Pods project
Integrating client project
Sending stats
Pod installation complete! There are 3 dependencies from the Podfile and 1 total pod installed.

If this fails with errors mentioning xcrun, make sure that in Xcode in Preferences > Locations the Command Line Tools are assigned.

If you get a warning such as "The swift-2048 [Debug] target overrides the FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS build setting defined in Pods/Target Support Files/Pods-swift-2048/Pods-swift-2048.debug.xcconfig. This can lead to problems with the CocoaPods installation", then make sure the Framework Search Paths in Build Settings for both Debug and Release only contain $(inherited).

Code integration​

Now we will actually modify the native iOS application to integrate React Native. For our 2048 sample app, we will add a "High Score" screen in React Native.

The React Native component​

The first bit of code we will write is the actual React Native code for the new "High Score" screen that will be integrated into our application.

1. Create a index.js file​

First, create an empty index.js file in the root of your React Native project.

index.js is the starting point for React Native applications, and it is always required. It can be a small file that requires other file that are part of your React Native component or application, or it can contain all the code that is needed for it. In our case, we will put everything in index.js.

2. Add your React Native code​

In your index.js, create your component. In our sample here, we will add a <Text> component within a styled <View>

import React from 'react';
import {
  AppRegistry,
  StyleSheet,
  Text,
  View
} from 'react-native';

const RNHighScores = ({ scores }) => {
  const contents = scores.map((score) => (
    <Text key={score.name}>
      {score.name}:{score.value}
      {'\n'}
    </Text>
  ));
  return (
    <View style={styles.container}>
      <Text style={styles.highScoresTitle}>
        2048 High Scores!
      </Text>
      <Text style={styles.scores}>{contents}</Text>
    </View>
  );
};

const styles = StyleSheet.create({
  container: {
    flex: 1,
    justifyContent: 'center',
    alignItems: 'center',
    backgroundColor: '#FFFFFF'
  },
  highScoresTitle: {
    fontSize: 20,
    textAlign: 'center',
    margin: 10
  },
  scores: {
    textAlign: 'center',
    color: '#333333',
    marginBottom: 5
  }
});

// Module name
AppRegistry.registerComponent('RNHighScores', () => RNHighScores);

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RNHighScores is the name of your module that will be used when you add a view to React Native from within your iOS application.

The Magic: RCTRootView​

Now that your React Native component is created via index.js, you need to add that component to a new or existing ViewController. The easiest path to take is to optionally create an event path to your component and then add that component to an existing ViewController.

We will tie our React Native component with a new native view in the ViewController that will actually contain it called RCTRootView .

1. Create an Event Path​

You can add a new link on the main game menu to go to the "High Score" React Native page.

2. Event Handler​

We will now add an event handler from the menu link. A method will be added to the main ViewController of your application. This is where RCTRootView comes into play.

When you build a React Native application, you use the Metro bundler to create an index.bundle that will be served by the React Native server. Inside index.bundle will be our RNHighScore module. So, we need to point our RCTRootView to the location of the index.bundle resource (via NSURL) and tie it to the module.

We will, for debugging purposes, log that the event handler was invoked. Then, we will create a string with the location of our React Native code that exists inside the index.bundle. Finally, we will create the main RCTRootView. Notice how we provide RNHighScores as the moduleName that we created above when writing the code for our React Native component.

First import the React library.

import React

The initialProperties are here for illustration purposes so we have some data for our high score screen. In our React Native component, we will use this.props to get access to that data.

@IBAction func highScoreButtonTapped(sender : UIButton) {
  NSLog("Hello")
  let jsCodeLocation = URL(string: "http://localhost:8081/index.bundle?platform=ios")
  let mockData:NSDictionary = ["scores":
      [
          ["name":"Alex", "value":"42"],
          ["name":"Joel", "value":"10"]
      ]
  ]

  let rootView = RCTRootView(
      bundleURL: jsCodeLocation,
      moduleName: "RNHighScores",
      initialProperties: mockData as [NSObject : AnyObject],
      launchOptions: nil
  )
  let vc = UIViewController()
  vc.view = rootView
  self.present(vc, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

Note that RCTRootView bundleURL starts up a new JSC VM. To save resources and simplify the communication between RN views in different parts of your native app, you can have multiple views powered by React Native that are associated with a single JS runtime. To do that, instead of using RCTRootView bundleURL, use RCTBridge initWithBundleURL to create a bridge and then use RCTRootView initWithBridge.

When moving your app to production, the NSURL can point to a pre-bundled file on disk via something like let mainBundle = NSBundle(URLForResource: "main" withExtension:"jsbundle"). You can use the react-native-xcode.sh script in node_modules/react-native/scripts/ to generate that pre-bundled file.

3. Wire Up​

Wire up the new link in the main menu to the newly added event handler method.

One of the easier ways to do this is to open the view in the storyboard and right click on the new link. Select something such as the Touch Up Inside event, drag that to the storyboard and then select the created method from the list provided.

Test your integration​

You have now done all the basic steps to integrate React Native with your current application. Now we will start the Metro bundler to build the index.bundle package and the server running on localhost to serve it.

1. Add App Transport Security exception​

Apple has blocked implicit cleartext HTTP resource loading. So we need to add the following our project's Info.plist (or equivalent) file.

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
    <dict>
        <key>localhost</key>
        <dict>
            <key>NSTemporaryExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
            <true/>
        </dict>
    </dict>
</dict>

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App Transport Security is good for your users. Make sure to re-enable it prior to releasing your app for production.

2. Run the packager​

To run your app, you need to first start the development server. To do this, run the following command in the root directory of your React Native project:

$ npm start

3. Run the app​

If you are using Xcode or your favorite editor, build and run your native iOS application as normal. Alternatively, you can run the app from the command line using:

# From the root of your project
$ npx react-native run-ios

In our sample application, you should see the link to the "High Scores" and then when you click on that you will see the rendering of your React Native component.

Here is the native application home screen:

Here is the React Native high score screen:

If you are getting module resolution issues when running your application please see this GitHub issue for information and possible resolution. This comment seemed to be the latest possible resolution.

转载自：

React Native 英文网 

React Native 中文网