【SQL Server】查询表字段以及创建索引

1、查询表字段 。

SELECT
    表名=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,
    表说明=ISNULL(CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN PTB.[value] END,N''),
    字段序号=C.column_id,
    字段名=C.name,
    主键=ISNULL(IDX.PrimaryKey,N''),
    标识=CASE WHEN C.is_identity=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
    计算列=CASE WHEN C.is_computed=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
    类型=T.name,
    长度=C.max_length,
    精度=C.precision,
    小数位数=C.scale,
    允许空=CASE WHEN C.is_nullable=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
    默认值=ISNULL(D.definition,N''),
    字段说明=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),
    索引名=ISNULL(IDX.IndexName,N''),
    索引排序=ISNULL(IDX.Sort,N''),
    创建时间=O.Create_Date,
    修改时间=O.Modify_date  into #tempt
FROM sys.columns C
    INNER JOIN sys.objects O
        ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]
            AND O.type='U'
            AND O.is_ms_shipped=0
    INNER JOIN sys.types T
        ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D
        ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id
            AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id
            AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD
        ON PFD.class=1
            AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id
            AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id
--             AND PFD.name='Caption'  -- 字段说明对应的描述名称(一个字段可以添加多个不同name的描述)
    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB
        ON PTB.class=1
            AND PTB.minor_id=0
            AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id
--             AND PFD.name='Caption'  -- 表说明对应的描述名称(一个表可以添加多个不同name的描述)
    LEFT JOIN                       -- 索引及主键信息
    (
        SELECT
            IDXC.[object_id],
            IDXC.column_id,
            Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')
                WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,
            PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN IDX.is_primary_key=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
            IndexName=IDX.Name
        FROM sys.indexes IDX
        INNER JOIN sys.index_columns IDXC
ON IDX.[object_id]=IDXC.[object_id]
                AND IDX.index_id=IDXC.index_id
        LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints KC
            ON IDX.[object_id]=KC.[parent_object_id]
                AND IDX.index_id=KC.unique_index_id
        INNER JOIN  -- 对于一个列包含多个索引的情况,只显示第1个索引信息
        (
            SELECT [object_id], Column_id, index_id=MIN(index_id)
            FROM sys.index_columns
            GROUP BY [object_id], Column_id
        ) IDXCUQ
            ON IDXC.[object_id]=IDXCUQ.[object_id]
                AND IDXC.Column_id=IDXCUQ.Column_id
                AND IDXC.index_id=IDXCUQ.index_id
    ) IDX
        ON C.[object_id]=IDX.[object_id]
            AND C.column_id=IDX.column_id
--WHERE O.name = 'viewvoutpage'
    -- 如果只查询指定表,加上此条件
ORDER BY O.name,C.column_id

2、查询表索引。 

 SELECT i.name AS index_name  
    ,i.type_desc  
    ,is_unique  
    ,ds.type_desc AS filegroup_or_partition_scheme  
    ,ds.name AS filegroup_or_partition_scheme_name  
    ,ignore_dup_key  
    ,is_primary_key  
    ,is_unique_constraint  
    ,fill_factor  
    ,is_padded  
    ,is_disabled  
    ,allow_row_locks  
    ,allow_page_locks  
FROM sys.indexes AS i  
INNER JOIN sys.data_spaces AS ds ON i.data_space_id = ds.data_space_id  
WHERE is_hypothetical = 0 AND i.index_id <> 0   
AND i.object_id = OBJECT_ID('表名');  

3、查询指定表索引。

SELECT i.name AS index_name  
    ,COL_NAME(ic.object_id,ic.column_id) AS column_name  
    ,ic.index_column_id   
FROM sys.indexes AS i  
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic
    ON i.object_id = ic.object_id AND i.index_id = ic.index_id  
WHERE i.object_id = OBJECT_ID('表名');

4、使用系统存储过程查询索引。

exec sp_helpindex 表名

5、创建索引。

CREATE INDEX index1 ON schema1.table1 (column1) WITH (ONLINE = ON)

 6、给某个表某个字段创建索引。

SELECT
    table_name=O.name,
    index_keys=C.name,
    index_name=ISNULL(IDX.IndexName,N''),
    index_name_px=ISNULL(IDX.Sort,N'')
       into #tempt1
FROM sys.columns C
    INNER JOIN sys.objects O
        ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]
            AND O.type='U'
            AND O.is_ms_shipped=0
    LEFT JOIN 
    (
        SELECT
            IDXC.[object_id],
            IDXC.column_id,
            Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')
                WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,
            PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN IDX.is_primary_key=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
            IndexName=IDX.Name
        FROM sys.indexes IDX
        INNER JOIN sys.index_columns IDXC
ON IDX.[object_id]=IDXC.[object_id]
                AND IDX.index_id=IDXC.index_id
        LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints KC
            ON IDX.[object_id]=KC.[parent_object_id]
                AND IDX.index_id=KC.unique_index_id
        INNER JOIN
        (
            SELECT [object_id], Column_id, index_id=MIN(index_id)
            FROM sys.index_columns
            GROUP BY [object_id], Column_id
        ) IDXCUQ
            ON IDXC.[object_id]=IDXCUQ.[object_id]
                AND IDXC.Column_id=IDXCUQ.Column_id
                AND IDXC.index_id=IDXCUQ.index_id
    ) IDX
        ON C.[object_id]=IDX.[object_id]
            AND C.column_id=IDX.column_id
ORDER BY O.name,C.column_id

7、查询出要创建索引语句。

select 'create nonclustered index IX_'+table_name+'_字段 on '+table_name+' (字段);',
* from #tempt where index_keys='字段' and table_name<>'' and index_name=''

8、查询出结果，进行粘贴，执行。