[IOI2008]Island

题目地址

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思路：

• 无向基环树森林求直径和。
• 对于每颗基环树，它对答案的贡献只有可能经过环或不经过，分类讨论即可。
• 首先处理出每个点往下的最大深度，顺便进行树形DP，再用单调队列获取经过环时的答案即可。
• 最终树形DP与单调队列的结果取max即可。
• （注意内存，数组需要使用技巧二次利用）

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 （该代码内存超限）

#pragma GCC diagnostic error "-std=c++14"
#pragma GCC optimize ("O3")
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
#include<vector>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=2000020,MAXM=1000010;
int n;
struct Edge{
    int from,to,w,nxt;
}e[MAXN];
int head[MAXN],edgeCnt=1,degree[MAXN];
void addEdge(int u,int v,int w){
    e[++edgeCnt].from=u;
    e[edgeCnt].to=v;
    e[edgeCnt].w=w;
    e[edgeCnt].nxt=head[u];
    head[u]=edgeCnt;
}
queue<int> topoQueue;
void topoSort(){
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)if(degree[i]==1)topoQueue.push(i);
    while(!topoQueue.empty()){
        int nowV=topoQueue.front();topoQueue.pop();
        for(int i=head[nowV];i;i=e[i].nxt){
            int v=e[i].to;
            degree[v]--,degree[nowV]--;
            if(degree[v]==1)topoQueue.push(v);
        }
    }
}
bool First_vis_circle[MAXN];
deque<int> First_circles[MAXN];int First_circleCnt=0;
long long First_dist[MAXN];
void First_find_Circle(int x,long long dis){
    First_vis_circle[x]=1;
    First_dist[x]=dis;
    First_circles[First_circleCnt].push_back(x);
    for(int i=head[x];i;i=e[i].nxt){
        int v=e[i].to;
        if(!First_vis_circle[v]&&degree[v]>=2){
            First_find_Circle(v,e[i].w+dis);
        }
    }
}
bool Second_vis_circle[MAXN];
long long Second_dist[MAXN];
deque<int> Second_circles[MAXN];int Second_circleCnt=0;
void Second_find_Circle(int x,long long dis,bool isFirst){
    Second_vis_circle[x]=1;
    Second_dist[x]=dis;
    Second_circles[Second_circleCnt].push_back(x);
    for(int i=head[x];i;i=e[i].nxt){
        int v=e[i].to;
        if(!Second_vis_circle[v]&&degree[v]>=2){
            if(isFirst){
                isFirst=false;
                continue;
            }
            Second_find_Circle(v,e[i].w+dis,0);
        }
    }
}
long long d[MAXN];
bool vis_dp[MAXN];
long long ans[MAXN],nowRoot=0;
long long circle_deep_ans[MAXN]; 
void dfs_dp(int x,int in_edge,int in_circle){
    vis_dp[x]=1;
    for(int i=head[x];i;i=e[i].nxt){ 
        if(i==(in_edge^1))continue;
        int v=e[i].to;
        if(degree[v]<2&&(!vis_dp[v])){
            dfs_dp(v,i,in_circle);
            ans[x]=max(ans[x],d[x]+d[v]+e[i].w);
            circle_deep_ans[in_circle]=max(circle_deep_ans[in_circle],
            ans[x]);
            d[x]=max(d[x],d[v]+e[i].w);
        }
    }
}
int First_a[MAXN],First_endIndex=0;
int First_q[MAXN];
long long First_ans_point_to_point[MAXN],First_ans_point_to_pointCnt=0;
int Second_a[MAXN],Second_endIndex=0;
int Second_q[MAXN];
long long Second_ans_point_to_point[MAXN],Second_ans_point_to_pointCnt=0;
long long across_ans[MAXN];//直径 
long long total_across_ans=0;
int main(){
    memset(across_ans,0xcf,sizeof(across_ans));
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        int v,w;
        scanf("%d%d",&v,&w);
        addEdge(i,v,w);
        addEdge(v,i,w);
        degree[v]++;degree[i]++;
    }
    topoSort();
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        if(!First_vis_circle[i]&&degree[i]>=2){
            First_circleCnt++;
            First_find_Circle(i,0);
        }
    }
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        if(!Second_vis_circle[i]&&degree[i]>=2){
            Second_circleCnt++;
            Second_find_Circle(i,0,1);
        }
    }
    for(int i=1;i<=First_circleCnt;i++){
        int first=First_endIndex+1,size=First_circles[i].size();
        First_endIndex=first+2*size-1;
        int nowIndex=first;
        while(!First_circles[i].empty()){
            int nowV=First_circles[i].front();First_circles[i].pop_front();
            dfs_dp(nowV,0,i);
            First_a[nowIndex]=nowV;
            First_a[nowIndex+size]=nowV;
            nowIndex++;
            First_endIndex=nowIndex;
        }
        int l,r;
        First_q[l=r=1]=first;
        First_ans_point_to_pointCnt++;
        for(int j=first+1;j<=First_endIndex;j++){
            while(l<r&&j-First_q[l]>=size)l++;
            First_ans_point_to_point[First_ans_point_to_pointCnt]=max(First_ans_point_to_point[First_ans_point_to_pointCnt],
            d[First_a[j]]+d[First_a[First_q[l]]]+First_dist[First_a[j]]-First_dist[First_a[First_q[l]]]);
            while(l<r&&d[First_q[r]]-First_dist[First_q[r]]<
            d[First_a[j]]-First_dist[First_a[j]])r--;
            First_q[++r]=j;
        }
    }
    for(int i=1;i<=Second_circleCnt;i++){
        int first=Second_endIndex+1,size=Second_circles[i].size();
        Second_endIndex=first+2*size-1;
        int nowIndex=first;
        while(!Second_circles[i].empty()){
            int nowV=Second_circles[i].front();Second_circles[i].pop_front();
            dfs_dp(nowV,0,i);
            Second_a[nowIndex]=nowV;
            Second_a[nowIndex+size]=nowV;
            nowIndex++;
            Second_endIndex=nowIndex;
        }
        int l,r;
        Second_q[l=r=1]=first;
        Second_ans_point_to_pointCnt++;
        for(int j=first+1;j<=Second_endIndex;j++){
            while(l<r&&j-Second_q[l]>=size)l++;
            Second_ans_point_to_point[Second_ans_point_to_pointCnt]=max(Second_ans_point_to_point[Second_ans_point_to_pointCnt],
            d[Second_a[j]]+d[Second_a[Second_q[l]]]+Second_dist[Second_a[j]]-Second_dist[Second_a[Second_q[l]]]);
            while(l<r&&d[Second_a[Second_q[r]]]-Second_dist[Second_a[Second_q[r]]]<d[Second_a[j]]-Second_dist[Second_a[j]])r--;
            Second_q[++r]=j;
        }
    }
    
    for(int i=1;i<=First_ans_point_to_pointCnt;i++){
        across_ans[i]=max(across_ans[i],First_ans_point_to_point[i]);
    }
    long long trueAns=0;
    for(int i=1;i<=Second_ans_point_to_pointCnt;i++){
        across_ans[i]=max(across_ans[i],Second_ans_point_to_point[i]);
        trueAns+=max(across_ans[i],circle_deep_ans[i]);
    }
    cout<<trueAns<<endl;
    return 0;
}