iOS沙盒机制,文件操作

转自:

http://my.oschina.net/jackyyang/blog/67136

/*
     目录结构
     默认情况下，每个沙盒含有3个文件夹：Documents, Library 和 tmp。因为应用的沙盒机制，应用只能在几个目录下读写文件
     Documents：苹果建议将程序中建立的或在程序中浏览到的文件数据保存在该目录下，iTunes备份和恢复的时候会包括此目录
     Library：存储程序的默认设置或其它状态信息；
     Library/Caches：存放缓存文件，iTunes不会备份此目录，此目录下文件不会在应用退出删除
     tmp：提供一个即时创建临时文件的地方。
     
     iTunes在与iPhone同步时，备份所有的Documents和Library文件。
     iPhone在重启时，会丢弃所有的tmp文件。
    */
    //1.获取程序的Home目录
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *path = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"获取程序的Home目录:%@", path);
    
    //2.获取document目录
    NSArray *paths1 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *path1 = [paths1 objectAtIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"获取document目录:%@", path1);
    
    //3、获取Cache目录
    NSArray *paths2 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *path2 = [paths2 objectAtIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"获取Cache目录:%@", path2);
    
    // 4、获取Library目录
    NSArray *paths3 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *path3 = [paths3 objectAtIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"获取Library目录:%@", path3);
    
    //5、获取Tmp目录
    NSString *tmpDir = NSTemporaryDirectory();
    NSLog(@"获取Tmp目录:%@", tmpDir);
    
    //6、写入文件
    NSArray *paths6 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *docDir = [paths6 objectAtIndex:0];
    if (!docDir) {
        NSLog(@"Documents 目录未找到");
    }
    NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"内容",@"content",nil];
    NSString *filePath = [docDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"testFile.txt"];
    [array writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
    
    
    //7、读取文件
    NSArray *paths7 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *docDir7 = [paths7 objectAtIndex:0];
    NSString *filePath7 = [docDir7 stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"testFile.txt"];
    NSArray *array7 = [[NSArray alloc]initWithContentsOfFile:filePath7];
    NSLog(@"%@", array7);
    
    
    //8.在Documents里创建test目录
    NSArray *paths8 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths8 objectAtIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"documentsDirectory%@",documentsDirectory);
    NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *testDirectory = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test"];
    // 创建目录
    [fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:testDirectory withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
    
    
    //9.在test目录下创建文件
    /*
     接着上面的代码 testPath 要用stringByAppendingPathComponent拼接上你要生成的文件名，比如test00.txt。这样才能在test下写入文件。
     testDirectory是上面代码生成的路径哦，不要忘了。我往test文件夹里写入三个文件，test00.txt ,test22.txt,text.33.txt。内容都是写入内容，write String。
    */
    NSString *testPath = [testDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test00.txt"];
    NSString *testPath2 = [testDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test22.txt"];
    NSString *testPath3 = [testDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test33.txt"];
    NSString *string = @"写入内容，write String";
    [fileManager createFileAtPath:testPath contents:[string  dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] attributes:nil];
    [fileManager createFileAtPath:testPath2 contents:[string  dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] attributes:nil];
    [fileManager createFileAtPath:testPath3 contents:[string  dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] attributes:nil];
    
    //10.获取目录列里所有文件名
    //两种方法获取：subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath 和 subpathsAtPath
    //获取上面刚才test文件夹里的文件名
    NSArray *paths0 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory0 = [paths0 objectAtIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"documentsDirectory%@",documentsDirectory);
    NSFileManager *fileManage = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *myDirectory = [documentsDirectory0 stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test"];
    NSArray *file = [fileManage subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath: myDirectory error:nil];
    NSLog(@"%@",file);
    NSArray *files = [fileManage subpathsAtPath: myDirectory ];
    NSLog(@"%@",files);
    
    
    //11.fileManager使用操作当前目录
    //创建文件管理器
    NSFileManager *fileManager11 = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSArray *paths11 = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory11 = [paths11 objectAtIndex:0];
    //更改到待操作的目录下
    [fileManager11 changeCurrentDirectoryPath:[documentsDirectory11 stringByExpandingTildeInPath]];
    //创建文件fileName文件名称，contents文件的内容，如果开始没有内容可以设置为nil，attributes文件的属性，初始为nil
    NSString * fileName11 = @"testFileNSFileManager.txt";
    NSArray *array11 = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"hello world",@"hello world1", @"hello world2",nil];
    NSData *data11= [NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:array11];
    [fileManager11 createFileAtPath:fileName11 contents:data11 attributes:nil];
    
    //12.删除文件
    //接上面的代码，remove就ok了。
    [fileManager11 removeItemAtPath:fileName11 error:nil];