对 Windows 窗体控件进行线程安全调用

在C#多线程编程或者使用委托异步编程的时候，经常会遇到这样的错误： 从不是创建某个控件的线程的其他线程调用该控件。例如：

private void setTextUnsafeBtn_Click(
			object sender, 
			EventArgs e)
		{
			this.demoThread = 
				new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.ThreadProcUnsafe));

			this.demoThread.Start();
		}

		// This method is executed on the worker thread and makes
		// an unsafe call on the TextBox control.
		private void ThreadProcUnsafe()
		{
			this.textBox1.Text = "This text was set unsafely.";
		}

有的人可能找到的方法是加这一句CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false，设置为不检查调用控件的合理性，但这样是不安全的。

正确的解决方法是

1. 查询控件的 InvokeRequired 属性。

2. 如果 InvokeRequired 返回 true，则使用实际调用控件的委托来调用 Invoke。

3. 如果 InvokeRequired 返回 false，则直接调用控件。

   private void setTextSafeBtn_Click(
   			object sender, 
   			EventArgs e)
   		{
   			this.demoThread = 
   				new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.ThreadProcSafe));
   
   			this.demoThread.Start();
   		}
   
   		// This method is executed on the worker thread and makes
   		// a thread-safe call on the TextBox control.
   		private void ThreadProcSafe()
   		{
   			this.SetText("This text was set safely.");
   		}

   
   其中SetText函数为：

   private void SetText(string text)
   		{
   			// InvokeRequired required compares the thread ID of the
   			// calling thread to the thread ID of the creating thread.
   			// If these threads are different, it returns true.
   			if (this.textBox1.InvokeRequired)
   			{	
   				SetTextCallback d = new SetTextCallback(SetText);
   				this.Invoke(d, new object[] { text });
   			}
   			else
   			{
   				this.textBox1.Text = text;
   			}
   		}