c++单例模式

c++单例模式范例

懒汉模式

对象用到时创建，普通懒汉线程不安全，可能在创建静态对象时候，还没创建完，后续对象调用时仍是null的情况；

饿汉模式

对象先于main创建，线程安全

双重检测机制懒汉模式

为了解决第一种情况而生

静态局部变量

最简单的一种方式了

具体代码如下，分别实现了几种方式

test.h

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <vector>
#include <random>

using namespace std;
class Balance{
//懒汉
#if 0
public:
	static Balance* getInstance(){
		if(m_instance == nullptr){
			m_instance = new Balance();
		}
		return m_instance;
	}

private: 
	Balance(){}
	static Balance* m_instance;
#endif

//饿汉
#if 0
public:
	static std::shared_ptr<Balance> getInstance(){
		cout<<"m_instance: "<<m_instance<<endl;
		return m_instance;
	}

private:
	static std::shared_ptr<Balance> m_instance;
	Balance(){}
#endif


//双重检测机制懒汉
#if 0
public:
	static Balance* getInstance(){
		if(m_instance == nullptr){
			std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(balance_mutex);
			if(m_instance == nullptr){
				m_instance = new Balance();
			}
		}cout<<"m_instance: "<<m_instance<<endl;
		return m_instance;
	}

	static void delInstance(){
		std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(balance_mutex);
		if(m_instance){
			delete m_instance;
			m_instance = nullptr;
		}
	}
private:
	static Balance* m_instance;
	static std::mutex balance_mutex;
	Balance(){}
#endif 


//静态变量
public:
	static Balance getInstance();
private:
	Balance(){}
//静态变量
public:

	std::vector<string> b_vector;
	void b_list_add(const string &string){
		b_vector.push_back(string);
	}

	string get_server(){
		std::random_device ran;
		auto i = ran()%(b_vector.size());
		return b_vector[i];
	}

};


//双重检测懒汉
//Balance* Balance::m_instance = nullptr;
//std::mutex Balance::balance_mutex;

//饿汉
//std::shared_ptr<Balance> Balance::m_instance = std::shared_ptr<Balance>(new Balance());
//普通懒汉 不安全
//Balance* Balance::m_instance = nullptr;

#include "test.h"
//静态变量
Balance Balance::getInstance(){
    static Balance m_instance;
    cout<<"m_instance: "<< &m_instance << endl;
    return m_instance;
}
void test6(){
    
    auto obj1 = Balance::getInstance();
    auto obj2 = Balance::getInstance();
    obj1.b_list_add("server1");
    obj1.b_list_add("server2");
    obj1.b_list_add("server3");

    for(auto i=0; i<10; i++){
       cout<<"第："<<i<<" 个请求，需要服务器：" <<obj1.get_server()<<endl; 
    }
 //双重检测
 //   obj1->delInstance();
} 
int main()
{
   test6();
    return 0;
}