python 数据分析种，长宽格式的转换

# encoding=utf-8

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

#  长宽格式的转换
# 1
data = pd.read_csv('d:data/macrodata.csv')
print 'data:=\n', data
print 'data.to_records():=\n', data.to_records()
print 'data.year:=\n', data.year
print 'data.quarter:=\n', data.quarter

periods = pd.PeriodIndex(year=data.year, quarter=data.quarter, name='date')
print 'periods:=\n', periods
data = pd.DataFrame(data.to_records(),
                    columns=pd.Index(['realgdp', 'infl', 'unemp'], name='item'),
                    index=periods.to_timestamp('D', 'end'))
print 'data:=\n', data
ldata = data.stack().reset_index().rename(columns={0: 'value'})
# print 'ldata:=\n', ldata
print 'ldata.get(\'realgdp\'):=\n', ldata.get('realgdp')
print 'ldata.get(\'unemp\'):=\n', ldata.get('unemp')
wdata = ldata.pivot('date', 'item', 'value')
print 'ldata:=\n', ldata
print 'wdata:=\n', wdata

# 2
print 'ldata[:10]:=\n', ldata[:10]
pivoted = ldata.pivot('date', 'item', 'value')
print 'pivoted:=\n', pivoted
print 'pivoted.head():=\n', pivoted.head()
print 'ldata:=\n', ldata
ldata['value2'] = np.random.randn(len(ldata))
print 'ldata[\'value2\']:=\n', ldata['value2']
print 'ldata[:10]:=\n', ldata[:10]
pivoted = ldata.pivot('date', 'item')
print 'pivoted:=\n', pivoted
print pivoted[:5]
print 'pivoted[\'value\'][:5]:=\n', pivoted['value'][:5]
print 'ldata:=\n', ldata
unstacked = ldata.set_index(['date', 'item']).unstack('item')
print 'unstacked:=\n', unstacked

print 'test'