Java程序员从笨鸟到菜鸟（五十七） java 实现邮箱验证

1、邮箱开启服务

以 QQ 邮箱为例：
进入网页邮箱 -> 设置

开启之后会得到一个授权码，待会配置需要这个授权码

2、添加依赖

在 pom.xml 添加依赖

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>  // 版本号根据自己使用的 spring 版本号对应
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
  <version>${commons-httpclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
  <version>${commons-codec.version}</version>
</dependency>

3、配置文件

application.properties：

# QQ 邮箱配置 使用 465 端口会出现超时错误，使用 587 亲测无异常
qq.mail.host = smtp.qq.com
qq.mail.port = 587
qq.mail.username = ******* # 发送人邮箱
qq.mail.password = *********** # 授权码
qq.mail.default-encoding = UTF-8

# 163 邮箱配置
163.mail.host = smtp.163.com

# 126 邮箱配置
126.mail.host = smtp.126.com

applicationContext.xml：

<!-- 加载 application.properties 配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties"/>

<!-- 邮件发送 -->
<bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
    <property name="host" value="${qq.mail.host}"/>
    <property name="port" value="${qq.mail.port}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${qq.mail.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${qq.mail.password}"/>
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="${qq.mail.default-encoding}"/>
    <property name="javaMailProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="mail.smtp.a uth">true</prop>
            <prop key="mail.smtp.timeout">25000</prop>
            <!--<prop key="mail.smtp.socketFactory.class">javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory</prop>-->
            <!-- 如果是网易邮箱， mail.smtp.starttls.enable 设置为 false-->
            <prop key="mail.smtp.starttls.enable">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>

4、业务逻辑层

MailService.java接口

package service;

/**
 * create by 1311230692@qq.com on 2018/10/8 14:30
 * 发送邮件业务接口
 **/
public interface MailService {
    /**
     * 简单文本邮件发送
     * @param to 邮件接收者
     * @param subject 邮件主题
     * @param content 邮件内容
     * */
    void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content);

    /**
     * 发送富文本邮件 支持文本、附件、HTML、图片等
     * @param to 邮件接收者
     * @param subject 邮件主题
     * @param content 邮件内容
     * */
    void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content);

    /**
     * 发送带附件的邮件
     * @param to 邮件接收者
     * @param subject 邮件主题
     * @param content 邮件内容
     * @param filePath 附件地址
     * */
    void sendAttatchmentMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath);
}

实现：
MailServiceImpl.java

package service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

/**
 * create by 1311230692@qq.com on 2018/10/8 14:33
 * 邮件发送业务逻辑层实现
 **/
@Service("MailService")
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService{

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Value("${qq.mail.username}")
    private String from;

    @Override
    public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
        SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
        simpleMailMessage.setFrom(from);
        simpleMailMessage.setTo(to);
        simpleMailMessage.setSubject(subject);
        simpleMailMessage.setText(content);

        try {
            mailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
            System.out.println("普通文本邮件已发送");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("普通文本邮件发送异常");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        try {
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, "utf-8"); // 设置字符编码，避免中文乱码
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);

            mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
            System.out.println("HTML 格式邮件发送成功");
        } catch(MessagingException e) {
            System.out.println("HTML 格式邮件发送异常");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void sendAttatchmentMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        try {
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true); // 设置字符编码，避免中文乱码
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);

            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
            String fileName = file.getFilename();
            helper.addAttachment(fileName,file);

            mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
            System.out.println("带附件邮件发送成功");
        } catch(MessagingException e) {
            System.out.println("带附件邮件发送异常");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

5、测试类:

MailTest.java:

package test;

import org.junit.Test;
import service.MailService;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * create by 1311230692@qq.com on 2018/10/8 15:01
 * 邮件发送测试类
 **/
public class MailTest extends BaseJunit{
    @Resource(name="MailService")
    private MailService mailService;

    @Test
    public void mailSendTest() throws Exception {
        mailService.sendSimpleMail("1441159735@qq.com", "邮件收发测试", "这是第一封邮件");
        System.out.println("邮件发送成功");
    }

    @Test
    public void mailHtmlTest() throws Exception {
        String content = "<html>\n" + "<body>\n" +
                "<h3>hello world 这是第一封 html 邮件！</h3>\n" + "<a href=https://www.baidu.com>激活</a>\n" +
                "</body>\n" + "</html>\n";
        mailService.sendHtmlMail("1441159735@qq.com", "邮件收发测试", content);
        System.out.println("HTML 格式邮件发送成功");
    }

    @Test
    public void mailAttatchmentTest() throws Exception {
        String filePath = "**********"; // 加入附件路径
        mailService.sendAttatchmentMail("1441159735@qq.com", "邮件收发测试", "有附件，请查收", filePath);
        System.out.println("带附件邮件发送成功");
    }
}

6、测试结果：

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