Android4.4以上的相册，相机图片选择和裁剪

在实习期遇到的问题，小组长叫找头像上传的bug，偶然了解了一下，在这里记录一下，当然代码不是我写的，只是记一下，日后遇到可以看一下。
功能描述：
1.调用相机拍照，选好拍照的照片进行裁剪，将头像进行上传
2.从图库里选择所要上传的照片，裁剪，将头像上传


步骤：（针对Android4.4以上的版本）
1.先获取拍照权限，读取SD卡权限
2.创建一个文件夹用于保存图片
3.调用系统的相机或者图片，获取图片的URI
4.根据URI获取图片

5.采用系统的裁剪方法，裁剪图片

获取相关权限

/**
 * 检查相机权限
 * @return
 */
protected boolean checkCameraPermission(){
    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
        checkPermission(REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA, Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 * 检查SDCard权限
 * @return
 */
protected boolean checkSDCardPermission(){
    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
        checkPermission(REQUEST_CODE_SD_CARD, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 * 请求权限
 *
 * @param permission
 */
public final boolean checkPermission(int requestCode, String permission) {
    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(getBaseContext(), permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
        return true;

    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{permission}, requestCode);
    return false;
}
权限获取成功在onRequestPermissionsResult方法里处理，可以直接重写

权限在被用户拒绝获取该权限时，并同时选中不再提醒此类消息的复选框下，二次申请权限时，重写shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale

方法，设置Intent动作
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_APPLICATIONS_SETTINGS);
startActivity(intent);
跳转到系统的权限设置页进行设置权限。

创建保存图片的文件夹

/**
 * 创建保存图片的文件夹
 */
private void createPhotoFolder(){
    if (!new File(Constant.DIR_PHOTO).exists()){
        new File(Constant.DIR_PHOTO).mkdirs();
    }
}
打开相机
/**
 * 拍照
 */
public void openCamera() {
    if (!checkSDCardPermission())
        return;

    if (!checkCameraPermission())
        return;

    createPhotoFolder();

    Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
    // 指定调用相机拍照后照片的储存路径
    mTempFile = new File(Constant.DIR_PHOTO, getPhotoFileName());
    cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(mTempFile));
    //指定清晰度
    cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY, 1);
    startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, REQUEST_CODE_TAKE_PHOTO);
}
设置拍照后的照片文件名，根据时间生成唯一文件名
public String getPhotoFileName() {
    Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
    SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("'IMG'_yyyyMMdd_HHmmss");
    return dateFormat.format(date) + ".jpg";
}
/**
 * 手机相册
 */
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
public void openAlbum() {
    if (!checkSDCardPermission())
        return;

    createPhotoFolder();
 Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT);
    intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
    intent.setType("image/*");
    startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_PIC_PHOTO);

}
裁剪图片
private void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri) {
    Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
    intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
    // crop为true是设置在开启的intent中设置显示的view可以剪裁
    intent.putExtra("crop", "true");

    // aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例
    intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
    intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);

    // outputX,outputY 是剪裁图片的宽高
    intent.putExtra("outputX", 300);
    intent.putExtra("outputY", 300);
    intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
    intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
    startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_PHOTO_CROP);

}
Android4.4以上的图片的URI处理比较麻烦，具体以下下面的给出解析地址，两位大神已经写得很好了
点击打开链接
点击打开链接
/**
 * 获取Uri的path路径
 * @param uri
 * @return
 */
private String getUriPath(Uri uri) {
    // DocumentProvider
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(this, uri)){
        // ExternalStorageProvider
        if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
            final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final String[] split = docId.split(":");
            final String type = split[0];
            if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
            }
        }

        // DownloadsProvider
        else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
            final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
            return getDataColumn(contentUri, null, null);
        }

        // MediaProvider
        else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
            final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            final String[] split = docId.split(":");
            final String type = split[0];

            Uri contentUri = null;
            if ("image".equals(type)) {
                contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
            } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
            } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
            }

            final String selection = "_id=?";
            final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] };
            return getDataColumn(contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
        }
    }
    // MediaStore (and general)
    else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        // Return the remote address
        if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri))
            return uri.getLastPathSegment();
        return getDataColumn(uri, null, null);
    }
    // File
    else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        return uri.getPath();
    }

    return null;
}

/**
 * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
 * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
 *
 * @param uri The Uri to query.
 * @param selection (Optional) Filter used in the query.
 * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
 * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
 */
private String getDataColumn(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
    Cursor cursor = null;
    final String[] projection = { MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA };
    try {
        cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            final int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA);
            return cursor.getString(index);
        }
    } finally {
        if (cursor != null)
            cursor.close();
    }
    return null;
}

/**
 * @param uri The Uri to check.
 * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
 */
private boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
 * @param uri The Uri to check.
 * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
 */
private boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
 * @param uri The Uri to check.
 * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
 */
private boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
 * @param uri The Uri to check.
 * @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.
 */
private boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
    return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
 *  得到裁剪后的图片
 * @param imagePath 图片的sd卡路径
 * @param fileName
 */
public void doBackgroundImage(String imagePath, String fileName, Bitmap bitmap){

}
在onActivityResult对各种消息进行处理
 @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (resultCode != RESULT_OK)
            return;
        switch (requestCode){
            case REQUEST_CODE_PIC_PHOTO://手机相册
                Uri uri = data.getData();
//                String path = PhotoUtil.getAblumPicPath(this, data);
                String path = getUriPath(uri);
                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(path)){
                    mTempFile = new File(path);
//                    startPhotoZoom(uri);
                    startPhotoZoom(Uri.fromFile(mTempFile));
                } else {
                    showToast("获取手机相册图片失败。");
                }
                break;
            case REQUEST_CODE_TAKE_PHOTO://拍照
                startPhotoZoom(Uri.fromFile(mTempFile));
                break;
            case REQUEST_CODE_PHOTO_CROP://裁剪
                if (data == null)
                    return;
                Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
                if (bundle == null)
                    return;
                Bitmap bmp = bundle.getParcelable("data");
                if (bmp == null)
                    return;

                String imagePath = Constant.DIR_PHOTO + mTempFile.getName();
                FileUtil.SavePicInSdcard(bmp, imagePath, true);
                String fileName = mTempFile.getName();

                doBackgroundImage(imagePath, fileName, bmp);
                break;
        }
    }