先来分析一下串口打开的过程:
1、用户调用open函数打开串口设备文件
2、在内核中通过tty子系统,把open操作层层传递到串口驱动程序中
3、在串口驱动程序中的XX_open最终实现这个操作。
这里主要有2个点需要我们重点分析,一个是open函数的传递过程,而是串口驱动程序XXX_open函数的实现。
1、open函数传递
打开uart_register_driver函数,里面就是实现注册设备,在最后有一个tty_register_driver函数,这个函数实际上就是注册一个字符设备。在注册过程中有一个重要的结构:
static const struct file_operations tty_fops = {
.llseek = no_llseek,
.read = tty_read,
.write = tty_write,
.poll = tty_poll,
.unlocked_ioctl = tty_ioctl,
.compat_ioctl = tty_compat_ioctl,
.open = tty_open,
.release = tty_release,
.fasync = tty_fasync,
};
这就是tty_fops结构,里面的tty_open就是响应用户的open操作的。这这个open函数里面肯定不是直接完成串口打开的,它调用了uart_ops里面的open函数:
static const struct tty_operations uart_ops = {
.open = uart_open,
.close = uart_close,
.write = uart_write,
.put_char = uart_put_char,
.flush_chars = uart_flush_chars,
.write_room = uart_write_room,
.chars_in_buffer= uart_chars_in_buffer,
.flush_buffer = uart_flush_buffer,
.ioctl = uart_ioctl,
.throttle = uart_throttle,
.unthrottle = uart_unthrottle,
.send_xchar = uart_send_xchar,
.set_termios = uart_set_termios,
.set_ldisc = uart_set_ldisc,
.stop = uart_stop,
.start = uart_start,
.hangup = uart_hangup,
.break_ctl = uart_break_ctl,
.wait_until_sent= uart_wait_until_sent,
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
.proc_fops = &uart_proc_fops,
#endif
.tiocmget = uart_tiocmget,
.tiocmset = uart_tiocmset,
#ifdef CONFIG_CONSOLE_POLL
.poll_init = uart_poll_init,
.poll_get_char = uart_poll_get_char,
.poll_put_char = uart_poll_put_char,
#endif
};
可以看到最终调用的是uart_open函数,这个函数中使用uart_startup(state, 0);实现串口的打开,这个最终又是由s3c24xx_serial_ops里面的s3c24xx_serial_startup函数来实现的。下面分析这个函数。
2、串口打开流程分析
static int s3c24xx_serial_startup(struct uart_port *port)
{
struct s3c24xx_uart_port *ourport = to_ourport(port);
int ret;
dbg("s3c24xx_serial_startup: port=%p (%08lx,%p)\n",
port->mapbase, port->membase);
rx_enabled(port) = 1;
ret = request_irq(ourport->rx_irq, s3c24xx_serial_rx_chars, 0,
s3c24xx_serial_portname(port), ourport);
if (ret != 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "cannot get irq %d\n", ourport->rx_irq);
return ret;
}
ourport->rx_claimed = 1;
dbg("requesting tx irq...\n");
tx_enabled(port) = 1;
ret = request_irq(ourport->tx_irq, s3c24xx_serial_tx_chars, 0,
s3c24xx_serial_portname(port), ourport);
if (ret) {
printk(KERN_ERR "cannot get irq %d\n", ourport->tx_irq);
goto err;
}
ourport->tx_claimed = 1;
dbg("s3c24xx_serial_startup ok\n");
/* the port reset code should have done the correct
* register setup for the port controls */
if (port->line == 2) {
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(6), S3C2410_GPH6_TXD2);
s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(6), 1);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(7), S3C2410_GPH7_RXD2);
s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(7), 1);
}
return ret;
err:
s3c24xx_serial_shutdown(port);
return ret;
}
它完成下面的工作:
1、使能接收rx_enabled
2、为数据接收注册中断程序request_irq
3、使能发送tx_enabled
4、为数据发送注册中断程序request_irq