python深入学习 常见坑

1. hash输入都是int

所以hash(1) = hash(1.0)

some_dict = {}
some_dict[5.5] = "Ruby"
some_dict[5.0] = "JavaScript"
some_dict[5] = "Python"
Output:

>>> some_dict[5.5]
"Ruby"
>>> some_dict[5.0]
"Python"
>>> some_dict[5]
"Python"

2. in 声明时候执行, if 运行时候执行

array = [1, 8, 15]
g = (x for x in array if array.count(x) > 0)
array = [2, 8, 22]
Output:

>>> print(list(g))
[8]

array_1 = [1,2,3,4]
g1 = (x for x in array_1)
array_1 = [1,2,3,4,5]

array_2 = [1,2,3,4]
g2 = (x for x in array_2)
array_2[:] = [1,2,3,4,5]
Output:

>>> print(list(g1))
[1,2,3,4]

>>> print(list(g2))
[1,2,3,4,5]

3. Class attributes and instance attributes/类属性和实例属性

class A:
    x = 1

class B(A):
    pass

class C(A):
    pass
Ouptut:

>>> A.x, B.x, C.x
(1, 1, 1)
>>> B.x = 2
>>> A.x, B.x, C.x
(1, 2, 1)
>>> A.x = 3
>>> A.x, B.x, C.x
(3, 2, 3)
>>> a = A()
>>> a.x, A.x
(3, 3)
>>> a.x += 1
>>> a.x, A.x
(4, 3)

B.x 相当于给B一个属性个A无关

但是本身继承A，所以C会去A那里寻找