Linux上安装MariaDB数据库

1、MariaDB数据库的安装
个人推荐使用在线安装！
（1）#vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
（2）[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.2/centos7-ppc64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
（3）编辑好yum源以后，记得使用"yum clean all"清除缓存。
（4）#yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
（5）#systemctl start mariadb //开启服务

2、初始化数据库
# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we’ll need the current
password for the root user. If you’ve just installed MariaDB, and you
haven’t set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you
should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): # 直接回车就可以 OK,
successfully used password, moving on…

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y #输入Y表示要设置密码 New password: # 新密码 Re-enter
new password: # 确认密码 Password updated successfully! Reloading
privilege tables… … Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing
anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account
created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the
installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving
into a production environment.

**> Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y # 移除匿名用户 … Success!

**
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ‘localhost’.
This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the
network.

**> Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y # 拒绝root远程登录，n,

不管y/n,都会拒绝root远程登录 … Success!**

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named ‘test’ that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y # 删除test数掘库，y:删除 n:
不删除，

• Dropping test database… … Success!
• Removing privileges on test database… … Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so
far will take effect immediately.

> Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y # 重新加载权限表，y.或者里启服务也可 …

Success!

Cleaning up…

All done! If you’ve completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

3、卸载数据库

（1）卸载数据库：#yum remove mariadb
（2）删除配置文件：#rm -f /etc/my.cnf1		
（3）删除数据目录：rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/

4、修改数据库的root密码
（1）已知密码
方法一：直接在shell命令行使用 mysqladm 命令修改。
# mysqladmin -uroot -poldpassword password newpassword
方法二：登陆数据库修改密码。
# mysql -uroot -p

			2.1 更新 mysql 库中 user 表的字段：
			MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;  
			MariaDB [mysql]> UPDATE user SET 		password=password('newpassword') WHERE user='root'; 或者
			MariaDB [mysql]> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' 			IDENTIFIED BY 'newpassword';
			MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;  
			MariaDB [mysql]> exit;

			2.2 或者，使用 set 指令设置root密码：
			MariaDB [(none)]> SET password for 'root'@'localhost' = password('newpassword');  
			MariaDB [(none)]> exit;

（2）忘记现有密码
		1、先停掉服务：**# systemctl stop mariadb**
		2、**使用跳过授权的方式启动 mariadb：# mysqld_safe - -skip-grant-tables &**
		3、当跳过授权启动时，可以不需要密码直接登陆数据库。登陆更新密码即可：
		**# mysql**  		
		MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;   			  		
		MariaDB [mysql]>UPDATE user SET 				password=password('newpassword') WHERE user='root';   	
		MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;
		MariaDB [mysql]> exit;
		4、关闭跳过授权启动的进程：# kill -9 进程号
		5、正常启动：# systemctl start mariadb

5、关于mariadb远程连接授权的设置
（1）首先配置允许访问的用户，采用授权的方式给用户权限：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘root’@’%'IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
（2）最后配置好权限之后不应该忘记刷新使之生效：
flush privileges;