高并发之CountDownLatch

1.简介
CountDownLatch是一个同步工具类，它允许一个或多个线程一直等待，直到其他线程的操作执行完后再执行。
2.常用API

Method	Description
void await()	Causes the current thread to wait until the latch has counted down to zero, unless the thread is interrupted.
boolean await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)	Causes the current thread to wait until the latch has counted down to zero, unless the thread is interrupted, or the specified waiting time elapses.
void countDown()	Decrements the count of the latch, releasing all waiting threads if the count reaches zero.
long getCount()	Returns the current count.

3.常用API使用

• 主线程在等threadA执行完毕

   public class TempDemo {
       public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
           CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
           Thread threadA = new Thread(()->{
               for (int index = 0; index < Integer.MAX_VALUE / 10; index ++) {
                   String ss = new String();
                   Math.random();
               }
               System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕, countDown:" + countDownLatch.getCount());
               countDownLatch.countDown();
           });
           threadA.start();
           countDownLatch.await();
           System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕, countDown:" + countDownLatch.getCount());
       }
   }
  

• 使用await超时(在没有countdown之前，主线程就执行完毕了)

    public class TempDemo {
       public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
           CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
           Thread threadA = new Thread(()->{
               for (int index = 0; index < Integer.MAX_VALUE / 10; index ++) {
                   String ss = new String();
                   Math.random();
               }
               System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕, countDown:" + countDownLatch.getCount());
               countDownLatch.countDown();
           });
           threadA.start();
           countDownLatch.await(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
           System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕, countDown:" + countDownLatch.getCount());
       }
   }
  

• 线程中断

   public class TempDemo {
       public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
           final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
           Thread threadA = new Thread(()->{
               try {
                   countDownLatch.await();
                   System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕, countDown:" + countDownLatch.getCount());
               } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
               }
           });
           threadA.start();
   
           Thread.sleep(500);
           threadA.interrupt();
       }
   }
  

4.常见使用场景

1. 最大并行性(10个线程并行)

    public class TempDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            final CountDownLatch threadLatch = new CountDownLatch(10);
    
            final CountDownLatch mainLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
            for(int index = 0; index < 10; index ++) {
                new Thread(()->{
                    try {
                        threadLatch.countDown();
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 准备好..");
                        mainLatch.await();
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 开始执行..");
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }).start();
            }
            threadLatch.await();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 让他们并发执行吧");
            mainLatch.countDown();
        }
    }
   

2. 死锁检测(test方法会出现死锁，当10个线程并发调用test方法的时候，出现死锁)

    public class TempDemo {
        private static ReentrantLock lockA = new ReentrantLock();
        private static ReentrantLock lockB = new ReentrantLock();
        public static void lockMethod01() {
            lockA.lock();
            lockB.lock();
            lockB.unlock();
            lockA.unlock();
        }
    
        public static void lockMethod02() {
            lockB.lock();
            lockA.lock();
            lockA.unlock();
            lockB.unlock();
        }
    
        public static void test() {
            Thread threadA = new Thread(() -> {
                lockMethod01();
            });
            Thread threadB = new Thread(() -> {
                lockMethod02();
            });
            threadA.start();
            threadB.start();
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            final CountDownLatch threadLatch = new CountDownLatch(10);
    
            final CountDownLatch mainLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
            for(int index = 0; index < 10; index ++) {
                new Thread(()->{
                    try {
                        threadLatch.countDown();
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 准备好..");
                        mainLatch.await();
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 开始执行..");
                        test();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }).start();
            }
            threadLatch.await();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 让他们并发执行吧");
            mainLatch.countDown();
    
        }
    }
   

3. 开始执行前，等待N个线程执行完毕(主线程等待10个线程执行完毕)

    public class TempDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            final CountDownLatch threadLatch = new CountDownLatch(10);
            for(int index = 0; index < 10; index ++) {
                new Thread(()->{
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕");
                    threadLatch.countDown();
                }).start();
            }
            threadLatch.await();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕");
        }
    }