安卓学习- 编写界面（页面布局详解）

1、线性布局

<? xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>

< LinearLayout xmlns: android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android :orientation= "horizontal"

android :layout_width= "match_parent"

android :layout_height= "match_parent" >

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button_1"

android :layout_width= "wrap_content"

android :layout_height= "wrap_content"

android :text= "Button 1"

/>

</ LinearLayout >

（1）排列方向：

android :orientation= "horizontal" 水平

android :orientation= "vertical" 垂直

（2）元素布局的对其方式：

对其方式，可选项为top、bottom、left、rirht、center，

中间可以用 | 来指定多个；

android :layout_gravity= "bottom"

注意：如果是vertical，就只有水平上的对齐才会生效

(3)边距

android :layout_marginTop= "10dp"

（4）比例权重

android :layout_weight= "1"

在某一个方向上设置权重之后，原本的那个方向上的数量置为0dp

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button_1"

android :layout_width= "0dp"

android :layout_weight= "1"

android :layout_height= "wrap_content"

android :text= "Button 1"

/>

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button_2"

android :layout_width= "wrap_content"

android :layout_height= "wrap_content"

android :text= "Button 2"

/>

2、相对布局

（1）相对父布局

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button_1"

android :layout_width= "wrap_content"

android :layout_height= "wrap_content"

android :layout_alignParentTop= "true"

android :layout_alignParentLeft= "true"

android :text= "Button 1"

/>

android :layout_alignParentBottom= "true"

android :layout_alignParentRight= "true"

android :layout_centerInParent= "true"

（2）相对控件布局

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button_3"

android :layout_width= "wrap_content"

android :layout_height= "wrap_content"

android :layout_centerInParent= "true"

android :text= "Button 3"

/>

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button_1"

android :layout_width= "wrap_content"

android :layout_height= "wrap_content"

android :layout_above= "@id/button_3"

android :layout_toLeftOf= "@id/button_3"

android :text= "Button 1"

/>

android :layout_below= "@id/button_3"

android :layout_toRightOf= "@id/button_3"

3、帧布局（略过）

FrameLayout

4、百分比布局（新增布局）（PercentFrameLayout,PercentRelativeLayout）

打开app/build.gradle，在dependencies闭包中添加如下内容：

dependencies {

compile fileTree( dir : 'libs' , include : [ '*.jar' ])

testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'

compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1'

compile 'com.android.support:percent:24.2.1'

}

然后在布局中使用 PercentFrameLayout

<? xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>

< android.support.percent.PercentFrameLayout

xmlns: android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns: app = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

android :layout_width= "match_parent"

android :layout_height= "match_parent" >

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button1"

android :text= "Button 1"

android :layout_gravity= "left|top"

app :layout_widthPercent= "50%"

app :layout_heightPercent= "50%"

/>

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button2"

android :text= "Button 2"

android :layout_gravity= "right|top"

app :layout_widthPercent= "50%"

app :layout_heightPercent= "50%"

/>

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button3"

android :text= "Button 3"

android :layout_gravity= "left|bottom"

app :layout_widthPercent= "50%"

app :layout_heightPercent= "50%"

/>

< Button

android :id= "@+id/button4"

android :text= "Button 4"

android :layout_gravity= "right|bottom"

app :layout_widthPercent= "50%"

app :layout_heightPercent= "50%"

/>

</ android.support.percent.PercentFrameLayout >