Split BST

Given a Binary Search Tree (BST) with root node root, and a target value V, split the tree into two subtrees where one subtree has nodes that are all smaller or equal to the target value, while the other subtree has all nodes that are greater than the target value.  It's not necessarily the case that the tree contains a node with value V.

Additionally, most of the structure of the original tree should remain.  Formally, for any child C with parent P in the original tree, if they are both in the same subtree after the split, then node C should still have the parent P.

You should output the root TreeNode of both subtrees after splitting, in any order.

Example 1:

Input: root = [4,2,6,1,3,5,7], V = 2
Output: [[2,1],[4,3,6,null,null,5,7]]
Explanation:
Note that root, output[0], and output[1] are TreeNode objects, not arrays.

The given tree [4,2,6,1,3,5,7] is represented by the following diagram:

          4
        /   \
      2      6
     / \    / \
    1   3  5   7

while the diagrams for the outputs are:

          4
        /   \
      3      6      and    2
            / \           /
           5   7         1

Note:

1. The size of the BST will not exceed 50.
2. The BST is always valid and each node's value is different.

思路：就是divide and conquer，root.val > V走左边，假设左边弄好了，那么 split[0] 是小的，split[1]是大的；

更新相应的节点，和split；返回即可；

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public TreeNode[] splitBST(TreeNode root, int V) {
        if(root == null) {
            return new TreeNode[]{null, null};
        }
        if(root.val > V) {
            TreeNode[] leftsplit = splitBST(root.left, V);
            // 0 is small, 1 is big;
            root.left = leftsplit[1];
            leftsplit[1] = root;
            return leftsplit;
        } else {
            // root.val <= V
            TreeNode[] rightsplit = splitBST(root.right, V);
            root.right = rightsplit[0];
            rightsplit[0] = root;
            return rightsplit;
        }
    }
}