Sqrt(x)

Implement int sqrt(int x).

Compute and return the square root of x.

Example

Example 1:
	Input:  0
	Output: 0


Example 2:
	Input:  3
	Output: 1
	
	Explanation:
	return the largest integer y that y*y <= x. 
	
Example 3:
	Input:  4
	Output: 2
	

Challenge

O(log(x))

思路：binary search，注意0的判断和long防止溢出；标准模板写的。

class Solution {
    public int mySqrt(int x) {
        if(x < 0) {
            return -1;
        }
        if(x == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        long start = 0; long end = x;
        while(start + 1 < end) {
            long mid = start + (end - start) / 2;
            if(mid * mid < x) {
                start = mid;
            } else {
                end = mid;
            }
        }
        
        if(end * end > x) {
            return (int)start;
        } else {
            return (int)end;
        }
    }
}