从零创建maven工程

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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-27 15:33:40 发布

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分类专栏： java框架文章标签： maven pom

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013329334/article/details/51122394

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1.在某目录下创建maven工程根目录，如：HelloStudy文件夹
2.在HelloStudy文件夹下创建maven核心文件pom.xml
3.编写pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.wqw.study</groupId>
    <artifactId>hellosutdy</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>wqw hellostudy</name>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</project>

modelVersion指定了当前pom的版本，对于maven3来说只能是4.0.0；
groupId指定了工程的归属，如某公司或某基金会；
artifactId指定了项目在组中的唯一ID；
packaging指定了项目的打包方式；
name指定了maven工程的名字，可以省略；
version指定了当前工程的版本号。

4.编写项目代码
maven项目的代码路径为src/main/java，在此路径下创建HelloStudy类

package com.wqw.study.hellostudy;

public class HelloStudy{

    public static void main(String[] args){

        System.out.println("hello study");

    }

}

maven一般会自动扫描src/main/java文件夹下的包和代码，包路径应当与groupId、artifactId相符，如代码所示。
5.maven初次编译
在项目根部路下运行命令mvn clean compile

F:\Study\HelloStudy>mvn clean compile
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building wqw hellostudy 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ hellosutdy ---
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ hellosutdy
 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e
. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory F:\Study\HelloStudy\src\main\resource
s
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ hellosutdy ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. buil
d is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to F:\Study\HelloStudy\target\classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.262 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2016-04-11T16:02:16+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 14M/199M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

编译，clean是清理target目录，compile是进行编译。

6.编写测试代码
maven项目的测试代码路径为src/test/java，在此路径下创建HelloStudyTest类

package com.wqw.study.hellostudy;

public class HelloStudyTest{

    @org.junit.Test
    public void test(){

        System.out.println("hello study test");

    }

}

7.maven运行测试代码

在项目根部路下运行命令mvn clean test

F:\Study\HelloStudy>mvn clean test
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building wqw hellostudy 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ hellosutdy ---
[INFO] Deleting F:\Study\HelloStudy\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ hellosutdy
 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e
. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory F:\Study\HelloStudy\src\main\resource
s
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ hellosutdy ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. buil
d is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to F:\Study\HelloStudy\target\classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ he
llosutdy ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e
. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory F:\Study\HelloStudy\src\test\resource
s
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ hellosu
tdy ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. buil
d is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to F:\Study\HelloStudy\target\test-classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ hellosutdy ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: F:\Study\HelloStudy\target\surefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running com.wqw.study.hellostudy.HelloStudyTest
hello study test
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.029 sec

Results :

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.264 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2016-04-11T16:24:38+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 15M/166M

8.maven打包和运行

打包命令：mvn clean package
输出：hellosutdy-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
如何让其他项目可以引用此包：
install命令：mvn clean install
输出：在.m2文件夹下可以找到.m2\repository\com\wqw\study\helloworld文件夹
执行jar，默认打包的jar是不能够直接运行的，需要添加maven-shade-plugin插件进行编译，最终pom文件变为了：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.wqw.study</groupId>
    <artifactId>hellosutdy</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>wqw hellostudy</name>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.7</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
        <build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>  
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>  
    <version>1.4</version>  
    <executions>  
      <execution>  
        <phase>package</phase>  
        <goals>  
          <goal>shade</goal>  
        </goals>  
        <configuration>  
          <transformers>  
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">  
              <mainClass>com.wqw.study.hellostudy.HelloStudy</mainClass>  
            </transformer>  
          </transformers>  
        </configuration>  
      </execution>  
    </executions>  
  </plugin>  
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>