题目分析:树链剖分水题,需要记录左右上一个区间的top元素。
代码如下:
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std ;
typedef long long LL ;
#define travel( e , H , u ) for ( Edge* e = H[u] ; e ; e = e -> next )
#define rep( i , a , b ) for ( int i = ( a ) ; i < ( b ) ; ++ i )
#define rev( i , a , b ) for ( int i = ( a ) ; i >= ( b ) ; -- i )
#define FOR( i , a , b ) for ( int i = ( a ) ; i <= ( b ) ; ++ i )
#define clr( a , x ) memset ( a , x , sizeof a )
#define cpy( a , x ) memcpy ( a , x , sizeof a )
#define ls ( o << 1 )
#define rs ( o << 1 | 1 )
#define lson ls , l , m
#define rson rs , m + 1 , r
#define rt o , l , r
#define root 1 , 1 , n
#define mid ( ( l + r ) >> 1 )
const int MAXN = 100005 ;
const int MAXE = 200005 ;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f ;
struct Edge {
int v ;
Edge* next ;
} E[MAXE] , *H[MAXN] , *edge ;
int Lnum[MAXN << 2] ;
int Rnum[MAXN << 2] ;
int sum[MAXN << 2] ;
int set[MAXN << 2] ;
int siz[MAXN] ;
int pos[MAXN] ;
int val[MAXN] ;
int top[MAXN] ;
int son[MAXN] ;
int pre[MAXN] ;
int dep[MAXN] ;
int idx[MAXN] ;
int tree_idx ;
int n , q ;
void clear () {
edge = E ;
tree_idx = 0 ;
clr ( H , 0 ) ;
siz[0] = 0 ;
dep[1] = 0 ;
pre[1] = 0 ;
}
void addedge ( int u , int v ) {
edge -> v = v ;
edge -> next = H[u] ;
H[u] = edge ++ ;
edge -> v = u ;
edge -> next = H[v] ;
H[v] = edge ++ ;
}
void dfs ( int u ) {
siz[u] = 1 ;
son[u] = 0 ;
travel ( e , H , u ) {
int v = e -> v ;
if ( v != pre[u] ) {
pre[v] = u ;
dep[v] = dep[u] + 1 ;
dfs ( v ) ;
siz[u] += siz[v] ;
if ( siz[v] > siz[son[u]] ) son[u] = v ;
}
}
}
void rewrite ( int u , int top_element ) {
top[u] = top_element ;
pos[u] = ++ tree_idx ;
idx[tree_idx] = u ;
if ( son[u] ) rewrite ( son[u] , top_element ) ;
travel ( e , H , u ) {
int v = e -> v ;
if ( v != pre[u] && v != son[u] ) rewrite ( v , v ) ;
}
}
void pushup ( int o ) {
sum[o] = sum[ls] + sum[rs] - ( Rnum[ls] == Lnum[rs] ) ;
Lnum[o] = Lnum[ls] ;
Rnum[o] = Rnum[rs] ;
}
void pushdown ( int o ) {
if ( set[o] != -1 ) {
set[ls] = set[rs] = set[o] ;
Lnum[ls] = Rnum[ls] = set[o] ;
Lnum[rs] = Rnum[rs] = set[o] ;
sum[ls] = sum[rs] = 1 ;
set[o] = -1 ;
}
}
void build ( int o , int l , int r ) {
set[o] = -1 ;
if ( l == r ) {
sum[o] = 1 ;
Lnum[o] = Rnum[o] = val[idx[l]] ;
return ;
}
int m = mid ;
build ( lson ) , build ( rson ) ;
pushup ( o ) ;
}
void sub_update ( int L , int R , int v , int o , int l , int r ) {
if ( L <= l && r <= R ) {
Lnum[o] = Rnum[o] = set[o] = v ;
sum[o] = 1 ;
return ;
}
int m = mid ;
pushdown ( o ) ;
if ( L <= m ) sub_update ( L , R , v , lson ) ;
if ( m < R ) sub_update ( L , R , v , rson ) ;
pushup ( o ) ;
}
void update ( int x , int y , int v ) {
while ( top[x] != top[y] ) {
if ( dep[top[x]] < dep[top[y]] ) swap ( x , y ) ;
sub_update ( pos[top[x]] , pos[x] , v , root ) ;
x = pre[top[x]] ;
}
if ( dep[x] > dep[y] ) swap ( x , y ) ;
sub_update ( pos[x] , pos[y] , v , root ) ;
}
int sub_query ( int L , int R , int o , int l , int r ) {
if ( L <= l && r <= R ) return sum[o] ;
int m = mid ;
pushdown ( o ) ;
if ( R <= m ) return sub_query ( L , R , lson ) ;
if ( m < L ) return sub_query ( L , R , rson ) ;
return sub_query ( L , R , lson ) + sub_query ( L , R , rson ) - ( Rnum[ls] == Lnum[rs] ) ;
}
int color ( int pos , int o , int l , int r ) {
while ( l != r ) {
int m = mid ;
pushdown ( o ) ;
if ( pos <= m ) r = m , o = ls ;
else l = m + 1 , o = rs ;
}
return Lnum[o] ;
}
int query ( int x , int y ) {
int res = 0 , xnum = -1 , ynum = -1 ;
while ( top[x] != top[y] ) {
if ( dep[top[x]] > dep[top[y]] ) {
res += sub_query ( pos[top[x]] , pos[x] , root ) ;
if ( color ( pos[x] , root ) == xnum ) -- res ;
xnum = color ( pos[top[x]] , root ) ;
x = pre[top[x]] ;
} else {
res += sub_query ( pos[top[y]] , pos[y] , root ) ;
if ( color ( pos[y] , root ) == ynum ) -- res ;
ynum = color ( pos[top[y]] , root ) ;
y = pre[top[y]] ;
}
}
if ( dep[x] < dep[y] ) res += sub_query ( pos[x] , pos[y] , root ) ;
else res += sub_query ( pos[y] , pos[x] , root ) ;
if ( color ( pos[x] , root ) == xnum ) -- res ;
if ( color ( pos[y] , root ) == ynum ) -- res ;
return res ;
}
void solve () {
char op ;
int u , v , c ;
clear () ;
FOR ( i , 1 , n ) scanf ( "%d" , &val[i] ) ;
rep ( i , 1 , n ) {
scanf ( "%d%d" , &u , &v ) ;
addedge ( u , v ) ;
}
dfs ( 1 ) ;
rewrite ( 1 , 1 ) ;
build ( root ) ;
while ( q -- ) {
scanf ( " %c%d%d" , &op , &u , &v ) ;
if ( op == 'Q' ) printf ( "%d\n" , query ( u , v ) ) ;
else {
scanf ( "%d" , &c ) ;
update ( u , v , c ) ;
}
}
}
int main () {
while ( ~scanf ( "%d%d" , &n , &q ) ) solve () ;
return 0 ;
}