复数类的改进

（1）再定义一目运算符 -，-c相当于0-c。

（2）定义Complex类中的<<和>>运算符的重载，实现输入和输出，改造原程序中对运算结果显示方式，使程序读起来更自然。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
	Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
	Complex operator+(Complex &c);
	Complex operator-(Complex &c);
	Complex operator*(Complex &c);
	Complex operator/(Complex &c);
	Complex operator-();
	friend istream &operator>>(istream &in,Complex &c);
	friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,Complex &c);
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c)
{
	Complex a;
	a.real=real+c.real;
	a.imag=imag+c.imag;
	return a;
}
Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c)
{
	Complex a;
	a.real=real-c.real;
	a.imag=imag-c.imag;
	return a;
}
Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c)//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.  
{
	Complex a;  
    a.real=real*c.real-imag*c.imag;  
    a.imag=imag*c.real+real*c.imag;  
    return a; 
}
Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c)//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i 
{
	Complex a;  
    a.real=(real*c.real+imag*c.imag)/(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag);  
    a.imag=(imag*c.real-real*c.imag)/(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag);  
    return c;  
}
Complex Complex::operator-()
{
	double r=-real;
	double i=-imag;
	Complex a(r,i);
	return a;
}
istream &operator>>(istream &in,Complex &c)
{
	int a,b;
	char ch,i;
	cout<<"请输入复数（输入格式：a+bi或a-bi）:";
	while(1)
	{
		in>>a>>ch>>b>>i;
		if((ch=='+'||ch=='-')&&i=='i') break;
		cerr<<"输入格式错误，请重新输入\n";
	}
	c.real=a;
	c.imag=(ch=='+')?b:-b;
	return in;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,Complex &c)
{
	out<<c.real;
	if(c.imag>=0) out<<"+";
	out<<c.imag<<"i";
	return out;
}
int main()
{
	Complex a,b,c;
	cin>>a;
	cout<<a<<endl;
	cin>>b;
	cout<<b<<endl;
	c=a+b;
	cout<<"a+b=";
	cout<<c<<endl;
	c=a-b;
	cout<<"a-b=";
	cout<<c<<endl;
	c=a*b;
	cout<<"a*b=";
	cout<<c<<endl;
	c=a/b;
	cout<<"a/b=";
	cout<<c<<endl;
	cout<<"-c:"<<-c<<endl;
	return 0;
}