JDBC-Java连接Mysql

Mysql公司帮我们写好了Mysql Driver的类， 方便我们写Java程序的时候调用类来执行数据库的相关操作，如果想要连接数据库，我们按一下步骤执行就可以了。

1. 导入mysql-connector-java-3.1.13-bin.jar(如果没有，CSDN上下载一个)。

2. 安装mysql，创建一个用户（默认用户名为root，密码123456), 在上面创建一个数据库（假设为homework1）, 在上面创建一个表（假设为account）.

3. 然后在Java程序中写入相应的代码如下， 即可。

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
import com.mysql.jdbc.ResultSet;
import com.mysql.jdbc.Statement;


public class Test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		try {
			//注册驱动
			DriverManager.registerDriver(new Driver());
			//建立连接
			Connection conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/homework1","root","123456");
			//创建语句
			Statement st = (Statement) conn.createStatement();
			//执行查询
			ResultSet rSet = (ResultSet) st.executeQuery("select * from account");
			//拿到结果集处理
			while(rSet.next()){
				System.out.println(rSet.getObject(1) + " | " + rSet.getObject(2));
			}
			
			//释放资源
			rSet.close();
			st.close();
			conn.close();
			
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

总结：

1.注册驱动的方式有三种

DriverManager.registerDriver(new Driver());
System.setProperty("jdbc.drivers","com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

2. 连接时的url的含义

协议:子协议:子名称//主机名:端口号/数据库名, 属性名 ,属性值

"jdbc:mysql//localhost:3306/homewoke1" ,"root","123456";

3. 提供标准模板

static void template() throws Exception{
		String url  = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/homework1";
		String username = "root";
		String password = "123456";
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement stat = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
			
			conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
			
			stat = (Statement) conn.createStatement();
			
			rs = (ResultSet) stat.executeQuery("Select * from account");
			
			//处理结果
			
		} finally{
			try {
				if(rs != null)
					rs.close();
			} finally{
				try {
					if(stat != null)
						stat.close();
				} finally{
					if(conn != null)
						conn.close();
				}
			}
		}
	}

4. 更进一步的  封装成一个类

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import com.mysql.jdbc.ResultSet;
import com.mysql.jdbc.Statement;

/**
 * 封装一个类  来实现具体的JDBC的操作，简洁化代码
 * @author Neuclil
 *
 */
public class JdbcUtil {
	
	private static String url  = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/homework1";
	private static String username = "root";
	private static String password = "123456";
	
	private JdbcUtil(){
		
	}
	
	static{
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
		}
	}
	
	public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{
		return (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
	}
	
	public static void free(ResultSet rs, Statement stat, Connection conn){
		try {
			if(rs != null)
				rs.close();
		}catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally{
			try {
				if(stat != null)
					stat.close();
			}catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} finally{
				if(conn != null)
					try {
						conn.close();
					} catch (SQLException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
			}
		}
	}
}