1.环境搭建
导入jar包
- Struts2导入jar包:
*最基本的jar包
* struts2/apps/struts2-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/*.jar
*整合Spring框架
* struts2/lib/struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar
*整合AJAX
* struts2/lib/struts2-json-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar
*使用Struts2注解开发
* struts2/lib/struts2-convention-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar
- Hibernate导入jar包
* 核心包:hibernate3.jar
* lib/required/*.jar
* lib/jpa/*.jar
* 引入hibernate整合日志系统的jar包:slf4j-log4j12-1.7.2.jar
* 数据库驱动:mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar
* 数据连接池:c3p0-0.9.1.jar
* 二级缓存:(可选的.)
* backport-util-concurrent.jar
* commons-logging.jar
* ehcache-1.5.0.jar
- Spring导入jar包
*Spring3.2 开发最基本jar包
spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar(日记整合的包,在spring依赖包下)
com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar(进行日志记录的包,在spring依赖包下)
*AOP开发
spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
*Spring Jdbc开发
spring-jdbc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
*Spring事务管理
spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
*Spring整合其他ORM框架
spring-orm-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
*Spring在web中使用
spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
*Spring整合Junit测试
spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
(Spring没有引入c3p0和数据库驱动)
引入配置文件
Struts2框架的配置文件
web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
**src下创建struts.xml**
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
</struts>
- Spring框架的配置文件
web.xml
<!-- 配置Spring的监听器 -->
<listener>
<!-- 监听器默认加载的是WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml -->
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 指定Spring框架的配置文件所在的位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
</beans>
log4j.properties
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=d:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
- hibernate框架的配置文件
hibernate.cfg.xml(在ssh中该配置文件可以省略)
映射文件:类名.hbm.xml
创建包结构
*cn.my.ssh.action
*cn.my.ssh.service
*cn.my.ssh.dao
*cn.my.ssh.domain(创建一个Product类)
package cn.my.ssh.domain;
public class Product {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double price;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Product [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price
+ "]";
}
}
2.Struts2整合Spring
页面创建(保存商品addProduct.jsp)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>保存商品的页面</h1>
<s:form action="product_save" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple">
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>商品名称</td>
<td><s:textfield name="name"></s:textfield></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>商品价格</td>
<td><s:textfield name="price"></s:textfield></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><s:submit value="保存商品"></s:submit></td>
</tr>
</table>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
编写action,service,dao
- ProductAction
package cn.my.ssh.action;
import cn.my.ssh.domain.Product;
import cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
/**
* 商品管理action类
* @author xiong
*
*/
public class ProductAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Product> {
// 模型驱动使用的类
Product product = new Product();
public Product getModel() {
return product;
}
// struts2和spring整合按名称注入的业务层类
private ProductService productService = new ProductService();
public void setProductService(ProductService productService) {
this.productService = productService;
}
}
- ProductService
package cn.my.ssh.service;
import cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao;
/**
* 商品管理service类
* @author xiong
*
*/
public class ProductService {
// 业务层注入dao的类
private ProductDao productDao = new ProductDao();
public void setProductDao(ProductDao productDao) {
this.productDao = productDao;
}
}
- ProductDao
package cn.my.ssh.dao;
/**
* 商品管理dao类
* @author xiong
*
*/
public class ProductDao {
}
配置action,service,dao的类
service,dao类的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 配置业务层的类 -->
<bean id="productService" class="cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService">
<property name="" ref=""></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置dao层的类 -->
<bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">
</bean>
</beans>
(1)struts2自己管理action类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="ssh" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="product_*" class="cn.my.ssh.action.ProductAction" method="{1}"></action>
</package>
</struts>
添加各层测试代码:
结果:
action类的save方法执行了
service层的save方法执行了
dao层的save方法执行了
(2)action类由spring管理
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 配置action的类 注意加scope="prototype"不然action会是单例的-->
<bean id="productAction" class="cn.my.ssh.action.ProductAction" scope="prototype">
<!-- 手动注入service -->
<property name="productService" ref="productService"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置业务层的类 -->
<bean id="productService" class="cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService">
<property name="productDao" ref="productDao"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置dao层的类 -->
<bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">
</bean>
</beans>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="ssh" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="product_*" class="productAction" method="{1}"></action>
</package>
</struts>
Web层获得Service:
传统方式:
* 获得WebApplicationContext对象.
* 通过WebAppolicationContext中getBean(“”);
实际开发中:
* 引入了struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar
* 有一个配置文件 : struts-plugin.xml
开启常量 :
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
引发另一个常量的执行:(Spring的工厂类按照名称自动注入)
struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name
3.Spring整合Hibernate
创建数据库和映射文件
创建一个ssh的数据库:create database ssh;
创建Product的映射文件(与实体类在同一个包下):
Product.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="cn.my.ssh.domain.Product" table="product">
<id name="id" column="id">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="name" column="name" length="20"></property>
<property name="price" column="price"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
配置去掉Hibernate配置文件
- 编写jdbc.properties数据库属性文件
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssh
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
- 在applicationContext.xml配置hibernate的相关属性
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 引入外部属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 配置c3p0连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置hibernate相关属性
也可以使用hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件进行配置
-->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 配置hibernate属性 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<!-- 配置方言为mysql方言 -->
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<!-- 打印sql语句 -->
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 加载Hibernate中的对象映射文件 -->
<property name="mappingResources">
<!-- 对象为多个,使用list -->
<list>
<!-- 这里的路径是相对于src/下的路径 -->
<value>cn/my/ssh/domain/Product.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置action的类 注意加scope="prototype"不然action会是单例的-->
<bean id="productAction" class="cn.my.ssh.action.ProductAction" scope="prototype">
<!-- 手动注入service -->
<property name="productService" ref="productService"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置业务层的类 -->
<bean id="productService" class="cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService">
<property name="productDao" ref="productDao"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置dao层的类 -->
<bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">
</bean>
</beans>
运行后自动在ssh数据库上创建product表
编写dao代码
在dao注入sessionFactory:
1.在dao的类上继承HibernateDaoSupport。
2.在配置dao时
<!-- 配置dao层的类 -->
<bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
3.在Dao层调用模版完成保存操作
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(product);
添加事务管理
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 注解开启事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
**然后在业务层类上添加一个注解:
@Transactional**
HibernateTemplate的API:
Serializable save(Object entity) :保存数据
void update(Object entity) :修改数据
void delete(Object entity) :删除数据
<T> T get(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id) :根据ID进行检索.立即检索
<T> T load(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id) :根据ID进行检索.延迟检索.
List find(String queryString, Object... values) :支持HQL查询.直接返回List集合.
List findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria) :离线条件查询.
List findByNamedQuery(String queryName, Object... values) :命名查询的方式.