Java实现二叉树基本操作

总结了下二叉树的基本操作。

创建二叉查找树
先序遍历二叉树（递归）
先序遍历二叉树（栈）
中序遍历二叉树（递归）
中序遍历二叉树（栈）
后序遍历二叉树（递归）
后序遍历二叉树（栈）
宽度优先遍历二叉树（队列）
利用二分法查找指定节点
获得二叉查找树的最小值
删除指定节点
源码如下：

package cn.com.cnn;

import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.Stack;

public class MyTree {

    public class Node {
        int value;
        Node leftChild;
        Node rightChild;

        public Node(int value) {
            this.value = value;
            leftChild = null;
            rightChild = null;
        }

        public void display() {
            System.out.print(value + " ");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] data = {2, 4, 1, 9, 70, 6, 10};
        MyTree myTree = new MyTree();
        Node root = null;
        for(int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
            root = myTree.insertNodeRec(root, data[i]);
        }
        System.out.print("中序遍历 ");
        myTree.inOrderTranverse(root);
        myTree.inOrderTranverseStack(root);
        System.out.print("先序遍历 ");
        myTree.preOrderTranverse(root);
        myTree.preOrderTranverseStack(root);
        System.out.print("后序遍历 ");
        myTree.afterOrderTranverse(root);
        myTree.afterOrderTranverseStack(root);
        System.out.print("广度优先遍历 ");
        myTree.widthTranverse(root);
        Node findNode = myTree.findKey(root, 10);
        System.out.println("查找到的值是" + findNode.value);
        Boolean ifDelete = myTree.delete(root, 4);
        System.out.println(ifDelete);

    }

    public Node createBinaryTree(int[] data) {
        Node root = null;
        if(data == null) {
            return root;
        }

        MyTree myTree = new MyTree();
        for(int i : data) {
            root = myTree.insertNodeRec(root, i);
        }

        return root;
    }

    public void inOrderTranverse(Node root) {
        if(root == null) {
            return;
        }
        inOrderTranverse(root.leftChild);
        root.display();
        inOrderTranverse(root.rightChild);
    }

    public void inOrderTranverseStack(Node root) {
        Stack<Node> nodes = new Stack<Node>();
        Node current = root;
        while(current != null || !nodes.isEmpty()) {
            while(current != null) {
                nodes.push(current);
                current = current.leftChild;
            }
            if(!nodes.isEmpty()) {
                current = nodes.pop();
                current.display();
                current = current.rightChild;
            }
        }
    }

    public void preOrderTranverse(Node root) {
        if(root == null) {
            return;
        }
        root.display();
        preOrderTranverse(root.leftChild);
        preOrderTranverse(root.rightChild);
    }

    public void preOrderTranverseStack(Node root) {
        Stack<Node> nodes = new Stack<Node>();
        Node current = root;
        while(current != null || !nodes.isEmpty()) {
            while(current != null) {
                current.display();
                nodes.push(current);
                current = current.leftChild;
            }
            if(!nodes.isEmpty()) {
                current= nodes.pop();
                current = current.rightChild;
            }
        }
    }

    public void afterOrderTranverse(Node root) {
        if(root == null) {
            return;
        }
        afterOrderTranverse(root.leftChild);
        afterOrderTranverse(root.rightChild);
        root.display();
    }

    public void afterOrderTranverseStack(Node root) {
        Stack<Node> nodes = new Stack<Node>();
        Node current = root;
        Node preNode = null;
        while(current != null || !nodes.isEmpty()) {
            while(current != null) {
                nodes.push(current);
                current = current.leftChild;
            }
            if(!nodes.isEmpty()) {
                current = nodes.peek().rightChild;
                if(current == null || current == preNode) {
                    current = nodes.pop();
                    current.display();                  
                    preNode =current;
                    current = null;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    //使用队列实现广度优先遍历
    public void widthTranverse(Node root) {
        ArrayDeque<Node> nodes = new ArrayDeque<Node>();
        Node current = root;
        nodes.add(current);
        while(!nodes.isEmpty()) {
            current =  nodes.remove();
            current.display();
            if(current.leftChild != null) {
                nodes.add(current.leftChild);
            } 
            if(current.rightChild != null) {
                nodes.add(current.rightChild);
            }

        }
    }

    //二分查找
    public Node findKey(Node root, int value) {
        Node result = root;
        while(true) {
            if(result == null) {
                return result;
            }
            if(result.value == value) {
                return result;
            } else if(result.value < value) {
                result = result.rightChild;
            } else {
                result =  result.leftChild;
            }
        }
    }

    public Node insertNodeRec(Node root, int value) {
        Node current =new Node(value);
        if(root == null) {
            root = current;

            return root; 
        }
        if(root.value < value) {
            if(root.rightChild == null) {
                root.rightChild = current;
            } else {
                root.rightChild = insertNodeRec(root.rightChild, value);                
            }
        } else {
            if(root.leftChild == null) {
                root.leftChild = current;
            } else {
                root.leftChild = insertNodeRec(root.leftChild, value);              
            }
        }

        return root;
    }

    public Node insertNoRec(Node root, int value) {
        Node current = new Node(value);
        if(root == null) {
            root = current;

            return root;
        }
        Node tmp = root;
        while(tmp != null) {
            if(tmp.value < value) {
                if(tmp.rightChild == null) {
                    tmp.rightChild = current;
                    break;
                } else {
                    tmp = tmp.rightChild;
                    continue;
                }
            } else {
                if(tmp.leftChild == null) {
                    tmp.rightChild = current;
                    break;
                } else {
                    tmp = tmp.rightChild;
                    continue;
                }
            }

        }

        return root;

    }

    public int getMinValue(Node root) {
        Node current = root;
        while(current.leftChild != null) {
            current = current.leftChild;
        }
        return current.value;
    }

    public boolean delete(Node root, int value) {
        if(root == null) {
            return false;
        }
        Node parent = null;
        Node current = root;
        Boolean isLeft =true;
        while(current.value != value) {
            parent = current;
            if(current.value < value) {
                current = current.rightChild;
                isLeft = false;
            } else {
                current = current.leftChild;
                isLeft = true;
            }
        }
        //没找到该节点
        if(current == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if(current.leftChild == null && current.rightChild == null) {
            if(current == root) {
                root = null;
            } else {
                if(isLeft) {
                    parent.leftChild = null;
                } else {
                    parent.rightChild = null;
                }               
            }
        } else if(current.leftChild == null) {
            if(current == root) {
                root = current.rightChild;
            } else if(isLeft) {
                parent.leftChild = current.rightChild;
            } else {
                parent.rightChild = current.rightChild;
            }

        } else if(current.rightChild == null) {
            if(current == root) {
                root = current.leftChild;
            } else if(isLeft) {
                parent.leftChild = current.leftChild;
            } else {
                parent.rightChild = current.leftChild;
            }
        } else {
            //左右子树都不为空，取右子树中值最小的和current值置换，再删除该最小节点。显然最小节点在右子树最左边。
            int minNum = getMinValue(current.rightChild);
            current.value = minNum;
            //删除current的右子树的最左边点
            Node deleteNodes = current.rightChild;
            while(deleteNodes.leftChild != null) {
                deleteNodes = deleteNodes.leftChild;
            }
            deleteNodes.leftChild = null;
        }

        //afterOrderTranverse(root);
        return true;
    }

}