windows下实现socket通信

原本以为c是跨平台，所以，c在windows下和linux下的程序应该是类似于Java，什么都不用改变的，今儿才恍然大悟，他们的类库不一样啊……

下面我贴出来一个windows下的c语言socket通信例子，这里我们客户端传递一个字符串，服务器端进行接收。

【实际上我们需要完成的二进制流的传输，需要使用unsignedchar来实现，因为c里没有byte数据类型，这里我们不以byte为例，因为效果不会很直观，我们采取最简单的字符串交互。】

【服务器端】

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <winsock2.h>

#define SERVER_PORT 5208 //侦听端口
void main()
{
    WORDwVersionRequested;
    WSADATAwsaData;
    int ret,nLeft, length;
    SOCKETsListen, sServer; //侦听套接字，连接套接字   
    struct sockaddr_in saServer, saClient; //地址信息   
    char*ptr;//用于遍历信息的指针      //WinSock初始化   
    wVersionRequested=MAKEWORD(2, 2); //希望使用的WinSock DLL 的版本
   ret=WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
   if(ret!=0)
    {
       printf("WSAStartup() failed!\n");
       return;
    }
    //创建Socket,使用TCP协议   
    sListen=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (sListen== INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
       WSACleanup();
       printf("socket() faild!\n");
       return;
    }
    //构建本地地址信息   
    saServer.sin_family = AF_INET; //地址家族   
    saServer.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); //注意转化为网络字节序   
    saServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //使用INADDR_ANY 指示任意地址     
    //绑定   
    ret = bind(sListen, (struct sockaddr *)&saServer,sizeof(saServer));
    if (ret ==SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
       printf("bind() faild! code:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());
       closesocket(sListen); //关闭套接字       
       WSACleanup();
       return;
    }
  
    //侦听连接请求
    ret =listen(sListen, 5);
    if (ret ==SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
       printf("listen() faild! code:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());
       closesocket(sListen); //关闭套接字       
       return;
    }
  
   printf("Waiting for client connecting!\n");
   printf("Tips: Ctrl+c to quit!\n");
    //阻塞等待接受客户端连接 
  while(1)//循环监听客户端，永远不停止，所以，在本项目中，我们没有心跳包。
 {
  length =sizeof(saClient);
  sServer = accept(sListen,(struct sockaddr *)&saClient,&length);
  if (sServer ==INVALID_SOCKET)
  {
   printf("accept()faild! code:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());
   closesocket(sListen);//关闭套接字   
   WSACleanup();
   return;
  }       
  charreceiveMessage[5000];
   nLeft =sizeof(receiveMessage);
  ptr = (char*)&receiveMessage;
  while(nLeft>0)
  {
   //接收数据
   ret = recv(sServer,ptr, 5000,0);   if(ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
   {
    printf("recv()failed!\n");
    return;
   }
   if (ret == 0)//客户端已经关闭连接   
  {
    printf("Clienthas closed the connection\n");
    break;
   }
   nLeft -=ret;
   ptr +=ret;
  }  
   printf("receive message:%s\n", receiveMessage);//打印我们接收到的消息。 
 } 
  //  closesocket(sListen);
  //  closesocket(sServer);
  //  WSACleanup();
}

【客户端】

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#define SERVER_PORT 5208 //侦听端口void main()
{
   WORD wVersionRequested;
   WSADATA wsaData;
   int ret;
   SOCKET sClient; //连接套接字  
   struct sockaddr_in saServer; //地址信息  
   char *ptr;
   BOOL fSuccess = TRUE;

   //WinSock初始化  
   wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2); //希望使用的WinSock DLL的版本
   ret =WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
   if(ret!=0)
   {
       printf("WSAStartup() failed!\n");
       return;
   }
   //确认WinSock DLL支持版本2.2
   if(LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)!=2|| HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)!=2)
   {
       WSACleanup();
       printf("Invalid WinSock version!\n");
       return;
   }

   //创建Socket,使用TCP协议  sClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
   if (sClient ==INVALID_SOCKET)
   {
       WSACleanup();
       printf("socket() failed!\n");
       return;
   }

   //构建服务器地址信息
   saServer.sin_family = AF_INET;//地址家族
   saServer.sin_port =htons(SERVER_PORT); //注意转化为网络节序
   saServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr= inet_addr("192.168.1.127");
 

  //连接服务器  
   ret = connect(sClient, (struct sockaddr*)&saServer, sizeof(saServer));
   if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
   {
       printf("connect() failed!\n");
       closesocket(sClient); //关闭套接字
       WSACleanup();
       return;
   }
 
  
   char sendMessage[]="hello thisis client message!"; 
   ret = send (sClient, (char*)&sendMessage, sizeof(sendMessage),0);   
   if (ret ==SOCKET_ERROR)
   {
       printf("send() failed!\n");
   }
   else
       printf("client info has been sent!");
   closesocket(sClient);//关闭套接字
   WSACleanup();
}