解决Service Intent must be explicit错误

在启动或绑定Service的时候，在一个手机上使用的好好的，而换了一个手机则出现Service Intent must be explicit错误，导致整个程序崩溃。这个错误多半是系统版本不同而引起的。

Android5.0以上的系统启动或绑定Service的时候，必须是显性启动，而通常我们直接使用Action来启动。在Android5.0及以上的手机中，如还使用此方式的话，就会出现Service Intent must be explicit的错误。

使用显性启动即可解决。

隐性启动：

        Intent intent = new Intent(service_action_name);
//        startService(intent);
        bindService(intent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        

显性启动方法一：

        Intent intent = new Intent(service_action_name);
        intent.setPackage(service_packageName);
//        startService(intent);
        bindService(service, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

显性启动方法二：

1.增加以下方法

/*** 
     * Android L (lollipop, API 21) introduced a new problem when trying to invoke implicit intent, 
     * "java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit" 
     * 
     * If you are using an implicit intent, and know only 1 target would answer this intent, 
     * This method will help you turn the implicit intent into the explicit form. 
     * 
     * Inspired from SO answer: http://stackoverflow.com/a/26318757/1446466 
     * @param context 
     * @param implicitIntent - The original implicit intent 
     * @return Explicit Intent created from the implicit original intent 
     */  
    public static Intent createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(Context context, Intent implicitIntent) {  
        // Retrieve all services that can match the given intent  
        PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();  
        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfo = pm.queryIntentServices(implicitIntent, 0);  
   
        // Make sure only one match was found  
        if (resolveInfo == null || resolveInfo.size() != 1) {  
            return null;  
        }  
   
        // Get component info and create ComponentName  
        ResolveInfo serviceInfo = resolveInfo.get(0);  
        String packageName = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;  
        String className = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.name;  
        ComponentName component = new ComponentName(packageName, className);  
   
        // Create a new intent. Use the old one for extras and such reuse  
        Intent explicitIntent = new Intent(implicitIntent);  
   
        // Set the component to be explicit  
        explicitIntent.setComponent(component);  
   
        return explicitIntent;  
    }  

2.使用createExplicitFromImplicitIntent方法来实例化Intent

        Intent intent = new Intent(service_action_name);
        Intent intent2 = new Intent(createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(this,intent));
//        startService(intent2);
        bindService(intent2, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);