6. ZigZag Conversion

The string “PAYPALISHIRING” is written in a zigzag pattern on a given number of rows like this: (you may want to display this pattern in a fixed font for better legibility)

P   A   H   N
A P L S I I G
Y   I   R

And then read line by line: “PAHNAPLSIIGYIR”
Write the code that will take a string and make this conversion given a number of rows:

string convert(string text, int nRows);
convert(“PAYPALISHIRING”, 3) should return “PAHNAPLSIIGYIR”.

---

思路：

1. 先定义一个数组array的长度和宽度，我按最长的长度定义的为s.length()/2+1;
2. 将字符串中的字符逐个按 ‘z’ 字形添加到数组中，注意调整col和row;
3. 定义一个StringBuilder sb,逐行扫描数组array，将每一个字符都追加到sb中。
4. 返回sb;

//  6. ZigZag Conversion
    public String convert(String s, int numRows) {
        if(s==null || s.equals("") || numRows==1) return s;
//        int cols = (s.length()*2)/(numRows+1);
        int cols = s.length()/2+1;
        int rows = numRows;
        char[][] array= new char[rows][cols];
        int col = 0;
        int row = 0;
        boolean flag = false;
//        按Z字形放到数组中
        for(int i= 0;i<s.length();i++){
            if(flag){
                array[row--][col++] = s.charAt(i);
                if(row == 0){
                    row = 0;
                    flag = false;
                }
            }else{
                array[row++][col] = s.charAt(i);
                if(row == numRows){
                    flag = true;
                    row -= 2;
                    col++;
                }
                if(row == 0){
                    flag = false;
                    row = 0;
                }
            }
        }

        //开始打印
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for(int i = 0;i<rows;i++){
            for(int j = 0;j<cols;j++){
                if(array[i][j]!=0){
                    sb.append(array[i][j]);
                }
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();

    }

测试用例：

    @Test
    public void convertTest(){
        println(s.convert("PAYPALISHIRING", 3));
        println(s.convert("PAYPALISHIRING", 4));
        println(s.convert("PAYPALISHIRING", 2));
        println(s.convert("PAYPALISHIRING", 1));
    }

输出结果：

PAHNAPLSIIGYIR
PINALSIGYAHRPI
PYAIHRNAPLSIIG
PAYPALISHIRING