Objective-C语言——KVO设计模式

ViewController.h

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "Hero.h"
#import "Observe.h"

@interface ViewController ()
{
    Hero *hero;
    Observe *observe;
}
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
   
    //KVO
    /*
     KVO的由来:在编程的过程中,我们经常需要判断目标是否发生变化,以便及时的做出对应的处理。此时苹果公司就提供了一种策略,即'OC运行时'提供了'KVO'技术。其中'KVO'是基于'KVC'实现
     
     KVO的实现:
     1.注册成观察者
     2.观察者定义KVO回调
     3.移除观察者
     */
    
    hero = [Hero new];
    [hero setValue:@100 forKey:@"_HP"];
    
    
    observe = [[Observe alloc]initWithHero:hero];
    [hero setValue:@300 forKey:@"_HP"];
    
    
    [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0 target:self selector:@selector(change:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
    
    //所以如果在主线程中可以不用写NSRunLoop作运行环境的语句,但是如果在非主线程中就要将NSTimer加入到该线程的NSRunLoop中，并启动NSRunLoop才行。
    [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
    
    //NSLog(@"main RunLoop = %@",[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop]);
    
}

-(void)change:(NSTimer *)timer
{
//    NSLog(@"continue running");
    NSUInteger _curHP = [[hero valueForKey:@"_HP"] integerValue];
    _curHP -= 50;
    
    if (_curHP <= 0)
    {
        [hero setValue:@0 forKey:@"_HP"];
        [timer invalidate];
    }
    else
    {
        [hero setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:_curHP] forKey:@"_HP"];
    }
}


- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@end

Hero.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Hero : NSObject
{
    NSUInteger _HP;
}
@end

Hero.m

#import "Hero.h"

@implementation Hero

@end

Observe.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Hero.h"

@interface Observe : NSObject

@property(nonatomic,retain)Hero *hero ;

-(id)initWithHero:(Hero *)hero ;

@end

Observe.m

#import "Observe.h"

@implementation Observe

-(id)initWithHero:(Hero *)hero
{
    if (self = [super init])
    {
        self.hero = hero ;
        //注册监听者
        /*
         P225
         NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew
         NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld
         NSKeyValueObservingOptionInitial
         NSKeyValueObservingOptionPrior
         */
        [self.hero  addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"_HP" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew | NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld  context:nil];
    }
    return self;
}

//定义KVO回调
-(void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)change context:(void *)context
{
    NSLog(@"change = %@",change[NSKeyValueChangeNewKey]);
    
    /*
     change 是一个字典  包含的key有如下 P226
     
     NSKeyValueChangeKindKey
     NSKeyValueChangeNewKey        //新值
     NSKeyValueChangeOldKey        //旧值
     NSKeyValueChangeIndexesKey
     NSKeyValueChangeNotificationIsPriorKey
     */

}

//移除监听者
-(void)dealloc
{
    /*
     NSObject类定义了一个方法叫做dealloc,当对象没有拥有者并且内存要被回收时,系统会自动调用dealloc方法。dealloc的责任是释放对象自己的内存,释放所有它控制的资源,包括释放所有实例变量的所有权。
     */

    [self.hero removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"_HP"];
    NSLog(@"I am die");
}



@end

运行结果

2015-12-20 23:52:40.472 OC_08_02[2006:69166] change = 300

2015-12-20 23:52:41.474 OC_08_02[2006:69166] change = 250

2015-12-20 23:52:42.474 OC_08_02[2006:69166] change = 200

2015-12-20 23:52:43.474 OC_08_02[2006:69166] change = 150

2015-12-20 23:52:44.474 OC_08_02[2006:69166] change = 100

2015-12-20 23:52:45.474 OC_08_02[2006:69166] change = 50

2015-12-20 23:52:46.474 OC_08_02[2006:69166] change = 0