Linux下编写运行访问MYSQL的程序以及MYSQL在linux下的下载安装

环境：CentOs6.5 + MySql5.1 + OpenJDK1.7
参考网址：
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/mysql/mysql-installation.htm
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jdbc/jdbc-environment-setup.htm
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/jdbc/jdbc-sample-code.htm
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18158864/runtime-error-java-lang-classnotfoundexception-com-mysql-jdbc-driver
我所参考的有实际价值的资料都是来自以上网站
一、MySQL 安装
-需要安装：
MySql-devel + mysql-connector
-安装方法：
1. 先通过yum list|grep mysql找到安装包的全名
2. yum - y install 包名
MYSQL设置方法：
a.service mysqld start（先把mysql服务器打开）
b.设置密码mysqladmin -u root -p “xxx”
c.创建一个数据库mysqladmin create EMP -u root -p
d.mysql -u root -p
d.use EMP
e.创建具体的表和插入具体数据

mysql> create table Employees
    -> (
    -> id int not null,
    -> age int not null,
    -> first varchar (255),
    -> last varchar (255)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (100, 18, 'Zara', 'Ali');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (101, 25, 'Mahnaz', 'Fatma');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (102, 30, 'Zaid', 'Khan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (103, 28, 'Sumit', 'Mittal');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

二。编译运行java访问数据库的程序
首先编写java访问数据库的程序，第一次用，就直接copy了网上的模板，权当熟悉一下具体的访问过程。

//STEP 1. Import required packages
import java.sql.*;

public class FirstExample {
   // JDBC driver name and database URL
   static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";  
   static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/EMP";

   //  Database credentials
   static final String USER = "username";
   static final String PASS = "password";

   public static void main(String[] args) {
   Connection conn = null;
   Statement stmt = null;
   try{
      //STEP 2: Register JDBC driver
      Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

      //STEP 3: Open a connection
      System.out.println("Connecting to database...");
      conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER,PASS);

      //STEP 4: Execute a query
      System.out.println("Creating statement...");
      stmt = conn.createStatement();
      String sql;
      sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Employees";
      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

      //STEP 5: Extract data from result set
      while(rs.next()){
         //Retrieve by column name
         int id  = rs.getInt("id");
         int age = rs.getInt("age");
         String first = rs.getString("first");
         String last = rs.getString("last");

         //Display values
         System.out.print("ID: " + id);
         System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
         System.out.print(", First: " + first);
         System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
      }
      //STEP 6: Clean-up environment
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      conn.close();
   }catch(SQLException se){
      //Handle errors for JDBC
      se.printStackTrace();
   }catch(Exception e){
      //Handle errors for Class.forName
      e.printStackTrace();
   }finally{
      //finally block used to close resources
      try{
         if(stmt!=null)
            stmt.close();
      }catch(SQLException se2){
      }// nothing we can do
      try{
         if(conn!=null)
            conn.close();
      }catch(SQLException se){
         se.printStackTrace();
      }//end finally try
   }//end try
   System.out.println("Goodbye!");
}//end main
}//end FirstExample

之后通过WinSCP把程序拷到Linux下。
最后也是最关键的部分，先把mysql-connector（只放jar文件即可，可以通过locate查看文件位置）放到源代码同目录下，再输入(先javac再java)
java -cp .:mysql-connector-java-5.1.17.jar xxx(不用把.class也输进去，输了就没法运行了，会报错）
我就找着了这一种方法，之前我把mysql-connectorvegetable.jar放到xxx/jvm/jre/lib 和 xxx/lib里头 还是会包Class Not Found的错，其实这块我挺不理解的，网上说JDK1.5后classpath默认设置了，可是默认设置里头难道就没这两个目录了么？