Cisco IOS 设备上的 RIP 简要比较

RIP Implementations

RIPv1

Original RIP implementation, limited to classful routing(obsolete)

RIPv2

Introduced support for classless routing, authentication,triggered updates, and multicast announcements (RFC 2453)

RIPng (RIP Next Generation)

Extends RIPv2 to support IPv6 routing (RFC 2080); functions very similarly to RIPv2 and is subsequently as limited

Protocols Comparison

RIP version	RIPv1	RIPv2	RIPng
IP version	IPv4	IPv4	IPv6
Admin Distance	120	120	120
UDP Port	520	520	521
Classless	No	Yes	Yes
Adv. Address	Broadcast	224.0.0.9	FF02::9
Authentication	None	Plain, MD5	None

RIPv2 Configuration

! Enable RIPv2 IPv4 routing
router rip
version 2

! Disable RIPv2 automatic summarization
no auto-summary

! Designate RIPv2 interfaces by network
network network

! Identify unicast-only neighbors
neighbor IP-address

! Originate a default route
default-information originate

! Designate passive interfaces
passive-interface {interface | default}

! Modify timers
timers basic update invalid hold flush

RIPv2 Interface Configuration

! Configure manual route summarization
ip summary-address rip network mask

! Enable MD5 authentication (RIPv2 only)
ip rip authentication mode md5
ip rip authentication key-chain key-chain

RIPng Configuration

! Enable IPv6 routing
ipv6 unicast-routing

! Enable RIPng IPv6 routing
ipv6 router rip name

! Toggle split-horizon and poison-reverse
[no] poison-reverse
[no] split-horizon

! Modify timers
timers basic update invalid hold flush

RIPng Interface Configuration

! Enable RIPng on the interface
ipv6 rip name enable

! Configure manual route summarization
ipv6 rip name summary-address prefix

Attributes

Type	Distance Vector
Algorithm	Bellman-Ford
Admin Distance	120
Metric	Hop count (max 15)
Standard	RFCs 2080, 2453
Protocols	IPv4, IPv6
Transport	UDP
Authentication	Plaintext, MD5
Multicast IP	224.0.0.9/FF02::9

Timer Defaults

Update	30 sec
Flush	240 sec
Invalid	180 sec
Hold-down	180 sec

Troubleshooting

show ip[v6] protocols

show ip[v6] rip database

show ip[v6] route rip

debug ip rip { database | events }

debug ipv6 rip [interface]

Terminology

Split Horizon

A rule that states a router may not advertise a route back to the neighbor from which it was learned

Route Poisoning

When a network becomes unreachable, an update with an infinite metric is generated to explicitly advertise the route as unreachable

Poison Reverse

A router advertises a network as unreachable through the interface on which it was learned