ffplay源码剖析(3.2.4 + sdl2)(2)：初始化与解复用

接上一篇继续阅读ffplay源码，前一篇从总体上了解了ffplay的整个框架：解复用，解码，显示播放。这一篇就讲第一个解复用。

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int flags;
    VideoState *is;

    /* register all codecs, demux and protocols */
#if CONFIG_AVDEVICE
    avdevice_register_all();
#endif
#if CONFIG_AVFILTER
    avfilter_register_all();
#endif
    av_register_all();
    avformat_network_init();

    ···
    ···

    parse_options(NULL, argc, argv, options, opt_input_file);//解析命令行参数

    if (!input_filename) {
        show_usage();
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "An input file must be specified\n");
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL,
               "Use -h to get full help or, even better, run 'man %s'\n", program_name);
        exit(1);
    }

    ···
    ···

    is = stream_open(input_filename, file_iformat);//打开视频文件，这里进行初始化，解复用和解码工作
    if (!is) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Failed to initialize VideoState!\n");
        do_exit(NULL);
    }

    event_loop(is);//捕获SDL事件并定时刷新屏幕

    /* never returns */

    return 0;
}

先来看看stream_open函数

static VideoState *stream_open(const char *filename, AVInputFormat *iformat)
{
    VideoState *is;

    is = av_mallocz(sizeof(VideoState));		/*分配一个VideoState结构，用来表示这个视频文件*/
    if (!is)
        return NULL;
    is->filename = av_strdup(filename);
    if (!is->filename)
        goto fail;
    is->iformat = iformat;
    is->ytop    = 0;
    is->xleft   = 0;

    /* start video display */	/*初始化三个帧队列，视频帧队列，音频帧队列和字幕帧队列*/
    if (frame_queue_init(&is->pictq, &is->videoq, VIDEO_PICTURE_QUEUE_SIZE, 1) < 0)
        goto fail;
    if (frame_queue_init(&is->subpq, &is->subtitleq, SUBPICTURE_QUEUE_SIZE, 0) < 0)
        goto fail;
    if (frame_queue_init(&is->sampq, &is->audioq, SAMPLE_QUEUE_SIZE, 1) < 0)
        goto fail;

    if (packet_queue_init(&is->videoq) < 0 ||	/*初始化三个包队列，视频包队列，音频包队列和字幕包队列*/
        packet_queue_init(&is->audioq) < 0 ||
        packet_queue_init(&is->subtitleq) < 0)
        goto fail;

    if (!(is->continue_read_thread = SDL_CreateCond())) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "SDL_CreateCond(): %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        goto fail;
    }

    init_clock(&is->vidclk, &is->videoq.serial);	/*初始化3个时钟，视频流时钟，音频时钟和外部时钟*/
    init_clock(&is->audclk, &is->audioq.serial);
    init_clock(&is->extclk, &is->extclk.serial);
    is->audio_clock_serial = -1;
    is->audio_volume = SDL_MIX_MAXVOLUME;
    is->muted = 0;
    is->av_sync_type = av_sync_type;
    is->read_tid     = SDL_CreateThread(read_thread, "read_thread", is);	/*创建读取文件线程*/
    if (!is->read_tid) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "SDL_CreateThread(): %s\n", SDL_GetError());
fail:
        stream_close(is);
        return NULL;
    }
    return is;
}

stream_open函数负责初始化解复用和解码过程中所使用的PacketQueue和FrameQueue，初始化了用于音视频同步的时钟，最后创建了read_thread线程读取文件数据。

read_thread是ffplay中的关键。它负责解复用并且创建解码线程。

/* this thread gets the stream from the disk or the network */
static int read_thread(void *arg)
{
    VideoState *is = arg;			//传入指定的视频流
    AVFormatContext *ic = NULL;
    int err, i, ret;
    int st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_NB];
    AVPacket pkt1, *pkt = &pkt1;
    int64_t stream_start_time;
    int pkt_in_play_range = 0;
    AVDictionaryEntry *t;
    AVDictionary **opts;
    int orig_nb_streams;
    SDL_mutex *wait_mutex = SDL_CreateMutex();
    int scan_all_pmts_set = 0;
    int64_t pkt_ts;

    if (!wait_mutex) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "SDL_CreateMutex(): %s\n", SDL_GetError());
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto fail;
    }
    //初始化视频流索引，音频流索引和字幕流索引
    memset(st_index, -1, sizeof(st_index));
    is->last_video_stream = is->video_stream = -1;
    is->last_audio_stream = is->audio_stream = -1;
    is->last_subtitle_stream = is->subtitle_stream = -1;
    is->eof = 0;

    ic = avformat_alloc_context();	//创建解封装上下文结构
    if (!ic) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Could not allocate context.\n");
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto fail;
    }
    ic->interrupt_callback.callback = decode_interrupt_cb;
    ic->interrupt_callback.opaque = is;
    if (!av_dict_get(format_opts, "scan_all_pmts", NULL, AV_DICT_MATCH_CASE)) {
        av_dict_set(&format_opts, "scan_all_pmts", "1", AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
        scan_all_pmts_set = 1;
    }
    err = avformat_open_input(&ic, is->filename, is->iformat, &format_opts);	//打开多媒体数据，并获取一些相关信息
    if (err < 0) {
        print_error(is->filename, err);
        ret = -1;
        goto fail;
    }
    if (scan_all_pmts_set)
        av_dict_set(&format_opts, "scan_all_pmts", NULL, AV_DICT_MATCH_CASE);

    if ((t = av_dict_get(format_opts, "", NULL, AV_DICT_IGNORE_SUFFIX))) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Option %s not found.\n", t->key);
        ret = AVERROR_OPTION_NOT_FOUND;
        goto fail;
    }
    is->ic = ic;

    if (genpts)
        ic->flags |= AVFMT_FLAG_GENPTS;

    av_format_inject_global_side_data(ic);

    opts = setup_find_stream_info_opts(ic, codec_opts);	//设置流媒体信息
    orig_nb_streams = ic->nb_streams;

    err = avformat_find_stream_info(ic, opts);		//寻找流媒体信息

    for (i = 0; i < orig_nb_streams; i++)
        av_dict_free(&opts[i]);
    av_freep(&opts);

    ······
    
    is->realtime = is_realtime(ic);			//判断输入是否是网络流

    if (show_status)
        av_dump_format(ic, 0, is->filename, 0);		//显示多媒体信息

		
    //将数据流与索引一一对应
    for (i = 0; i < ic->nb_streams; i++) {
        AVStream *st = ic->streams[i];
        enum AVMediaType type = st->codecpar->codec_type;
        st->discard = AVDISCARD_ALL;
        if (type >= 0 && wanted_stream_spec[type] && st_index[type] == -1)
            if (avformat_match_stream_specifier(ic, st, wanted_stream_spec[type]) > 0)
                st_index[type] = i;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < AVMEDIA_TYPE_NB; i++) {
        if (wanted_stream_spec[i] && st_index[i] == -1) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Stream specifier %s does not match any %s stream\n", wanted_stream_spec[i], av_get_media_type_string(i));
            st_index[i] = INT_MAX;
        }
    }

    if (!video_disable)
        st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO] =
            av_find_best_stream(ic, AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
                                st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO], -1, NULL, 0);		//寻找视频流
    if (!audio_disable)
        st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO] =							//寻找音频流
            av_find_best_stream(ic, AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO,
                                st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO],
                                st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO],
                                NULL, 0);
    if (!video_disable && !subtitle_disable)						//寻找字幕流
        st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE] =
            av_find_best_stream(ic, AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
                                st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE],
                                (st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO] >= 0 ?
                                 st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO] :
                                 st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO]),
                                NULL, 0);

    is->show_mode = show_mode;
    if (st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO] >= 0) {						//找到视频流,设置默认显示窗口大小
        AVStream *st = ic->streams[st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO]];
        AVCodecParameters *codecpar = st->codecpar;
        AVRational sar = av_guess_sample_aspect_ratio(ic, st, NULL);
        if (codecpar->width)
            set_default_window_size(codecpar->width, codecpar->height, sar);
    }

    /* open the streams */
    if (st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO] >= 0) {						//找到音频流索引，打开音频流
        stream_component_open(is, st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO]);
    }

    ret = -1;
    if (st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO] >= 0) {						//找到视频流索引，打开视频流
        ret = stream_component_open(is, st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO]);
    }
    if (is->show_mode == SHOW_MODE_NONE)
        is->show_mode = ret >= 0 ? SHOW_MODE_VIDEO : SHOW_MODE_RDFT;

    if (st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE] >= 0) {						//找到字幕流索引，打开字幕流
        stream_component_open(is, st_index[AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE]);
    }

    if (is->video_stream < 0 && is->audio_stream < 0) {				//无法找到视频流和音频流
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Failed to open file '%s' or configure filtergraph\n",
               is->filename);
        ret = -1;
        goto fail;
    }

    if (infinite_buffer < 0 && is->realtime)
        infinite_buffer = 1;

    for (;;) {
        if (is->abort_request)
            break;
        if (is->paused != is->last_paused) {
            is->last_paused = is->paused;
            if (is->paused)
                is->read_pause_return = av_read_pause(ic);
            else
                av_read_play(ic);
        }
#if CONFIG_RTSP_DEMUXER || CONFIG_MMSH_PROTOCOL
        if (is->paused &&
                (!strcmp(ic->iformat->name, "rtsp") ||
                 (ic->pb && !strncmp(input_filename, "mmsh:", 5)))) {
            /* wait 10 ms to avoid trying to get another packet */
            /* XXX: horrible */
            SDL_Delay(10);
            continue;
        }
#endif
        if (is->seek_req) {
            int64_t seek_target = is->seek_pos;
            int64_t seek_min    = is->seek_rel > 0 ? seek_target - is->seek_rel + 2: INT64_MIN;
            int64_t seek_max    = is->seek_rel < 0 ? seek_target - is->seek_rel - 2: INT64_MAX;
// FIXME the +-2 is due to rounding being not done in the correct direction in generation
//      of the seek_pos/seek_rel variables
/
            ret = avformat_seek_file(is->ic, -1, seek_min, seek_target, seek_max, is->seek_flags);
            if (ret < 0) {
                av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR,
                       "%s: error while seeking\n", is->ic->filename);
            } else {
                if (is->audio_stream >= 0) {
                    packet_queue_flush(&is->audioq);
                    packet_queue_put(&is->audioq, &flush_pkt);
                }
                if (is->subtitle_stream >= 0) {
                    packet_queue_flush(&is->subtitleq);
                    packet_queue_put(&is->subtitleq, &flush_pkt);
                }
                if (is->video_stream >= 0) {
                    packet_queue_flush(&is->videoq);
                    packet_queue_put(&is->videoq, &flush_pkt);
                }
                if (is->seek_flags & AVSEEK_FLAG_BYTE) {
                   set_clock(&is->extclk, NAN, 0);
                } else {
                   set_clock(&is->extclk, seek_target / (double)AV_TIME_BASE, 0);
                }
            }
            is->seek_req = 0;
            is->queue_attachments_req = 1;
            is->eof = 0;
            if (is->paused)
                step_to_next_frame(is);
        }
        if (is->queue_attachments_req) {
            if (is->video_st && is->video_st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_ATTACHED_PIC) {
                AVPacket copy;
                if ((ret = av_copy_packet(&copy, &is->video_st->attached_pic)) < 0)
                    goto fail;
                packet_queue_put(&is->videoq, &copy);
                packet_queue_put_nullpacket(&is->videoq, is->video_stream);
            }
            is->queue_attachments_req = 0;
        }

        /* if the queue are full, no need to read more */
        if (infinite_buffer<1 &&
              (is->audioq.size + is->videoq.size + is->subtitleq.size > MAX_QUEUE_SIZE
            || (stream_has_enough_packets(is->audio_st, is->audio_stream, &is->audioq) &&
                stream_has_enough_packets(is->video_st, is->video_stream, &is->videoq) &&
                stream_has_enough_packets(is->subtitle_st, is->subtitle_stream, &is->subtitleq)))) {
            /* wait 10 ms */
            SDL_LockMutex(wait_mutex);
            SDL_CondWaitTimeout(is->continue_read_thread, wait_mutex, 10);
            SDL_UnlockMutex(wait_mutex);
            continue;
        }
        if (!is->paused &&
            (!is->audio_st || (is->auddec.finished == is->audioq.serial && frame_queue_nb_remaining(&is->sampq) == 0)) &&
            (!is->video_st || (is->viddec.finished == is->videoq.serial && frame_queue_nb_remaining(&is->pictq) == 0))) {
            if (loop != 1 && (!loop || --loop)) {
                stream_seek(is, start_time != AV_NOPTS_VALUE ? start_time : 0, 0, 0);
            } else if (autoexit) {
                ret = AVERROR_EOF;
                goto fail;
            }
        }
        ret = av_read_frame(ic, pkt);		//读取数据包
        if (ret < 0) {				//读取失败
            if ((ret == AVERROR_EOF || avio_feof(ic->pb)) && !is->eof) {//读取结束或者读取失败
                if (is->video_stream >= 0)
                    packet_queue_put_nullpacket(&is->videoq, is->video_stream);
                if (is->audio_stream >= 0)
                    packet_queue_put_nullpacket(&is->audioq, is->audio_stream);
                if (is->subtitle_stream >= 0)
                    packet_queue_put_nullpacket(&is->subtitleq, is->subtitle_stream);
                is->eof = 1;
            }
            if (ic->pb && ic->pb->error)
                break;
            SDL_LockMutex(wait_mutex);
            SDL_CondWaitTimeout(is->continue_read_thread, wait_mutex, 10);
            SDL_UnlockMutex(wait_mutex);
            continue;
        } else {
            is->eof = 0;
        }
        /* check if packet is in play range specified by user, then queue, otherwise discard */
        stream_start_time = ic->streams[pkt->stream_index]->start_time;
        pkt_ts = pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE ? pkt->dts : pkt->pts;
        pkt_in_play_range = duration == AV_NOPTS_VALUE ||
                (pkt_ts - (stream_start_time != AV_NOPTS_VALUE ? stream_start_time : 0)) *
                av_q2d(ic->streams[pkt->stream_index]->time_base) -
                (double)(start_time != AV_NOPTS_VALUE ? start_time : 0) / 1000000
                <= ((double)duration / 1000000);
        if (pkt->stream_index == is->audio_stream && pkt_in_play_range) {//将解复用出来的数据包添加到对应的包队列中
            packet_queue_put(&is->audioq, pkt);
        } else if (pkt->stream_index == is->video_stream && pkt_in_play_range
                   && !(is->video_st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_ATTACHED_PIC)) {
            packet_queue_put(&is->videoq, pkt);
        } else if (pkt->stream_index == is->subtitle_stream && pkt_in_play_range) {
            packet_queue_put(&is->subtitleq, pkt);
        } else {
            av_packet_unref(pkt);
        }
    }

    ret = 0;
 fail:
    if (ic && !is->ic)
        avformat_close_input(&ic);

    if (ret != 0) {
        SDL_Event event;

        event.type = FF_QUIT_EVENT;
        event.user.data1 = is;
        SDL_PushEvent(&event);
    }
    SDL_DestroyMutex(wait_mutex);
    return 0;
}

总结：

可以看出函数的调用关系为 main->stream_open->read_thread。

main函数辅助解析命令行参数，以及ffmpeg的一些注册，初始化工作。

stream_open函数负责初始化包队列、帧队列和同步时钟，并且创建读线程。

read_thread函数解析输入文件的信息，并且创建对应的解码线程。同时进行解复用，将解码得到的数据包分别加入到三个包队列中。供解码线程读取包进行解码。