网络通信NIO selector demo

总体流程图

共分为4个步骤，读图顺序从步骤1读到步骤4

事件触发条件说明

ACCEPT：接收事件，当被轮询到Channel接受到新的连接时触发

READ：读事件，当被轮询到Channel的缓冲区有数据时触发

NIOServer

public class NIOServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建selector
        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        //创建serverSocketChannel
        ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        //通道设置为非阻塞
        serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));
        //通道注册到selector并监听accept事件，等待client连接
        serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

        while (true){
            //此处会阻塞，直到有就绪事件（accept或read）
            selector.select();

            //得到所有就绪事件
            Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
            for (SelectionKey key : selectionKeys) {
                //接收事件（有新的client连接进入）
                if (key.isAcceptable()){
                    ServerSocketChannel channel = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
                    //得到client的channel
                    SocketChannel socketChannel = channel.accept();
                    //通道设置为非阻塞，不设置无法注册到selector，会抛异常
                    socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
                    //注册client的channel并监听读事件
                    socketChannel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                }
                else if (key.isReadable()){
                    try(SocketChannel socketChannel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();){
                        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

                        //读出client传过来的数据
                        int len = socketChannel.read(byteBuffer);
                        if (len < 0){
                            continue;
                        }
                        byteBuffer.flip();
                        String msg = new String(byteBuffer.array(), 0, byteBuffer.remaining());
                        System.out.println(msg);

                        //响应client
                        socketChannel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(("response："+msg).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
                        byteBuffer.clear();
                        System.out.println("---------睡眠1秒---------");
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    }
                    catch (IOException | InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
            //循环后需要手动清空，不然下次会被重复执行
            selectionKeys.clear();
        }
    }
}

Client

public class NIOClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);

        //启动5个线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            int finalI = i;
            executorService.execute(() -> {
                try (SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress(8080));)
                {
                    //向server发送消息
                    socketChannel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(("hello nio："+ finalI).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
                    ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

                    //读取server的响应
                    socketChannel.read(byteBuffer);
                    byteBuffer.flip();
                    System.out.println(new String(byteBuffer.array(),0,byteBuffer.limit()));
                    byteBuffer.clear();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
        }

        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

输出结果

server

hello nio：2
---------睡眠1秒---------
hello nio：3
---------睡眠1秒---------
hello nio：4
---------睡眠1秒---------
hello nio：1
---------睡眠1秒---------
hello nio：0
---------睡眠1秒---------

client

response：hello nio：2
response：hello nio：3
response：hello nio：4
response：hello nio：1
response：hello nio：0

总结

selector里面存放的内容可理解为是channel+事件的一个组合，当selector轮询到某个channel的事件被触发了，系统就会告知用户系统可开始对该channel进行IO操作了