C++的多态.cpp

/*多态包括模板/重载和虚函数

 *其中模板和重载属于静态多态虚函数属于动态多态

 */

# include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//定义模板类

template <typename T>

class Base {

public:

Base():x_(0){};

Base(T n):x_(n){};

    ~Base(){

cout << "基类中的析构函数" << endl;

};

virtual T Get() { //虚函数，当基类指针指向派生类的时候可以调用派生类的Get()函数

return x_;

};

protected:

T x_;

};

class Data:public Base<int> {

public:

Data():x_(0){};

//函数重载，不同的参数个数或参数类型在C++中都不被认为是重复定义

Data(int m,int n):Base(m),x_(n){};

Data(int m,char n):Base(m),x_(n - 0){};

~Data()

{

cout << "派生类中的析构函数" << endl;

};

int Get() override final  //其派生类不能继承该函数

{

return x_;

}

private:

int x_;

};

int main()

{

//基类指针指向派生类

Base<int>* p = new Data(8,'a');

cout << p->Get() << endl;

delete p; //销毁第一个函数

cout << "------------" << endl;

getchar(); 

Base <int> b(15);

cout << b.Get() << endl;

cout << "------------" << endl;

Base <string> c("wangpandong");

cout << c.Get() << endl;

cout << "------------" << endl;

Data d (28,39);

cout << d.Get() << endl;

cout << "------------" << endl;

Data e (47,'c');

cout << e.Get() << endl;

cout << "------------" << endl;

getchar();

}