有三个java类,分别用Hibernate的xml配置方法和Annotation注解方法实现这三个类之间的映射关系
- 班级和专业之间(一对多)
- 专业和班级之间(多对一)
- 学生和班级之间(多对一)
- 班级和学生之间(一对多)
Hibernate的Annotation方法
ClassRoom.java
package com.xing.hibernate_hql_annotation.entity;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/8/3.
* 班级
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_class_room")
public class ClassRoom {
private int id;
private String name ;
private int grade ;
//班级和学生:一对多关系
private Set<Student> stus;
//班级和专业:多对一关系
private Special sepcial ;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(int grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "classRoom")
public Set<Student> getStus() {
return stus;
}
public void setStus(Set<Student> stus) {
this.stus = stus;
}
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name = "cid")
public Special getSepcial() {
return sepcial;
}
public void setSepcial(Special sepcial) {
this.sepcial = sepcial;
}
}
Special.java
package com.xing.hibernate_hql_annotation.entity;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/8/3.
* 专业
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_sepcial")
public class Special {
private int id;
private String name ;
private String type;
private Set<ClassRoom> classRooms ;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
// 当前对象在对应ClassRoom对象的属性名,它来维护关系
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "sepcial")
public Set<ClassRoom> getClassRooms() {
return classRooms;
}
public void setClassRooms(Set<ClassRoom> classRooms) {
this.classRooms = classRooms;
}
}
Student.java
package com.xing.hibernate_hql_annotation.entity;
import javax.persistence.*;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/8/3.
* 学生
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_stu")
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String sex ;
//学生和班级(多对一)
private ClassRoom classRoom ;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
//设置数据库表中对应的关联的外键名称
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name = "cid")
public ClassRoom getClassRoom() {
return classRoom;
}
public void setClassRoom(ClassRoom classRoom) {
this.classRoom = classRoom;
}
}
hibernate.cfg.xml
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置数据库方言 -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 配置数据库连接驱动-->
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" >com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
<!-- 配置打印sql -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 配置 自动完成类到数据表的转换-->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- 加入实体类的映射文件-->
<mapping class="com.xing.hibernate_hql_annotation.entity.Special"></mapping>
<mapping class="com.xing.hibernate_hql_annotation.entity.Student"></mapping>
<mapping class="com.xing.hibernate_hql_annotation.entity.ClassRoom"></mapping>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Hibernate利用xml配置文件来实现关系映射
ClassRoom.java
package com.xing.hibernate_hql_xml.entity;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/8/3.
*/
public class ClassRoom {
private int id;
private String name;
private int grade;
private Set<Student> stus;
private Special special;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(int grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public Set<Student> getStus() {
return stus;
}
public void setStus(Set<Student> stus) {
this.stus = stus;
}
public Special getSpecial() {
return special;
}
public void setSpecial(Special special) {
this.special = special;
}
}
Special.java
package com.xing.hibernate_hql_xml.entity;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/8/3.
*/
public class Special {
private int id;
private String name ;
private String type;
private ClassRoom classRoom ;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public ClassRoom getClassRoom() {
return classRoom;
}
public void setClassRoom(ClassRoom classRoom) {
this.classRoom = classRoom;
}
}
Student.java
package com.xing.hibernate_hql_xml.entity;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/8/3.
*/
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String sex ;
private ClassRoom classRoom ;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public ClassRoom getClassRoom() {
return classRoom;
}
public void setClassRoom(ClassRoom classRoom) {
this.classRoom = classRoom;
}
}
ClassRoom.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated Nov 9, 2006 6:27:53 PM by Hibernate Tools 3.2.0.beta7 -->
<hibernate-mapping package="com.xing.hibernate_hql_xml.entity">
<class name="ClassRoom" table="t_class_room" >
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
<property name="grade"/>
<many-to-one name="special" column="sp_id" />
<set name="stus" inverse="true" lazy="extra">
<key column="cid"></key>
<one-to-many class="Student" />
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Specail.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated Nov 9, 2006 6:27:53 PM by Hibernate Tools 3.2.0.beta7 -->
<hibernate-mapping package="com.xing.hibernate_hql_xml.entity">
<class name="com.xing.hibernate_hql_xml.entity.Special" table="t_special" >
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
<property name="type"/>
<set name="classRoom" inverse="true" lazy="extra">
<key column="sp_id"></key>
<one-to-many class="ClassRoom"></one-to-many>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Student.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated Nov 9, 2006 6:27:53 PM by Hibernate Tools 3.2.0.beta7 -->
<hibernate-mapping package="com.xing.hibernate_hql_xml.entity">
<class name="Student" table="t_student" >
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
<property name="sex"/>
<many-to-one name="classRoom" column="cid"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
两种方法用下面测试代码测试运行,如果能生成下面三张表,则说明配置成功了
import com.xing.util.HibernateUtil;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/8/3.
*/
public class TestHql {
@Test
public void test01(){
Session session = null ;
try {
session = HibernateUtil.openSession() ;
session.beginTransaction() ;
session.getTransaction().commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
if(session!=null) session.getTransaction().rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
}
}
}
小记:
1. 在做映射关系的时候尽可能使用单向关联
2. 在大项目中(数据量超多)如果使用hibernate不建议使用对象关联,可以用冗余字段来代替外键。(但是修改的时候要考虑)