Android下的Handler机制

Handler机制

//获取消息对象
Message msg = new Message();
//效率高(如果消息池中有消息对象，如果没有再去创建)
Message msg = Message.obtain();

Handler handler = new Handler(){
    handlerMessage(Message msg){
        //处理消息(更新UI)
    }
}

handler.sendMessage(msg)

---

//获取消息对象，核心实现
public static Message obtain() {
    synchronized (mPoolSync) {
        if (mPool != null) {
            Message m = mPool;
            mPool = m.next;
            m.next = null;
            return m;
        }
    }
    return new Message();
}

//Handler对应构造方法源码
    public Handler() {
    ...
    mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
    if (mLooper == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException(
            "Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
    }
    mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
    mCallback = null;
}

//Looper.myLooper();调用当前方法
public static final Looper myLooper() {
    return (Looper)sThreadLocal.get();
}


public static final void prepareMainLooper() {
    prepare();
    setMainLooper(myLooper());
    if (Process.supportsProcesses()) {
        myLooper().mQueue.mQuitAllowed = false;
    }
}

public static final void prepare() {
    if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
    }
    sThreadLocal.set(new Looper());
}

//根据prepareMainLooper断定当前方法在主线程中调用ActivityThread优先去观看main方法


public static final void main(String[] args) {
    ...
    Looper.prepareMainLooper();
    ...
    Looper.loop();
    ...
}

//Looper.loop方法
public static final void loop() {
    Looper me = myLooper();
    //获取消息队列
    MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;
    while (true) {
        //在循环中获取消息队列的第一个消息
        Message msg = queue.next(); // might block(睡眠)
        ...
        msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
        ....
    }
}

linux下管道设计（Pipe）

文件，写入的描述符，读取的描述符

写入的描述符：子线程里面发送消息，获取写入的描述符，向指定的文件写入一个内容，sendMessage（）方法，将消息添加至消息队列，sendMessage（）方法会去唤醒睡眠的主线程，。

读取的描述符：主线程中持有，读取文件，一旦文件中有内容，消息队列里面有消息，取消息并且进行处理。如果没有取到消息，睡眠，当接受到sendMessage（）方法发出的标示后，继续去取消息。

进程间通信，生产者消费者

 public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
    ...
    //调用Handler中自己实现的handlerMessage(msg);
    handleMessage(msg);
}

------------------------------添加消息至消息列------------------------------- //Handler中sendMessage方法 public final boolean sendMessage(Message msg) { return sendMessageDelayed(msg, 0); }

 public final boolean sendMessageDelayed(Message msg, long delayMillis)
{
    ...
    //手机开启时间+延时处理消息时间(时间戳)
    return sendMessageAtTime(msg, SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + delayMillis);
}
//转调sendMessageAtTime方法
public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis)
{
    ...
    MessageQueue queue = mQueue;
    if (queue != null) {
        //msg.target即为handler对象
        msg.target = this;

        sent = queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis);
    }
    ...
}

MessageQueue中enqueueMessage方法


final boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
        ...
        msg.when = when;
        //Log.d("MessageQueue", "Enqueing: " + msg);
        Message p = mMessages;
        if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
            msg.next = p;
            mMessages = msg;
            needWake = mBlocked; // new head, might need to wake up
        } else {
            Message prev = null;
            while (p != null && p.when <= when) {
                prev = p;
                p = p.next;
            }
            msg.next = prev.next;
            prev.next = msg;
            ...
        }
    }
   ...
}