转
在网上找了好久的asp.net导出Excel的方法,方法倒是不少,网上一大堆,可感觉没一个好用的!
下面的方法是我测试过的,只有最后一个datagrid的方法没测试过的! 绝过可以用,而且好用!
Asp.net导出excel的我认为是好的方法:
前提条件:
using System.Data.SqlClient; //SqlConnection 用到这个命名空间
using System.Data; //DataSet 用到这个命名空间
using System.IO; //FileStream 用到这个命名空间
方法一:导出到csv文件,存放在服务器端任一路径,然后给客户下载
优点:
1、可以进行身份认证后给客户下载,如果放到非web目录就没有对应的url,客户无法随时下载。
2、也是因为生成了文件,所以占用了服务器的空间,但是可以把文件名存放到数据库,再次给客户下载的时候不需要重复生成文件。
3、csv文件是文本文件,逗号隔开字段,回车隔开行,易于数据导入导出。
实现方法:
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds,"table1");
DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
string name=System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next(10000).ToString()+".csv";//存放到web.config中downloadurl指定的路径,文件格式为当前日期+4位随机数
FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);
StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
sw.WriteLine("自动编号,姓名,年龄");
foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
}
sw.Close();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name));
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";// 指定返回的是一个不能被客户端读取的流,必须被下载
Response.WriteFile(name); // 把文件流发送到客户端
Response.End();
方法二:导出到csv文件,不存放到服务器,直接给浏览器输出文件流
优点:
1、随时生成,不需要占用资源
2、可以结合身份认证
3、同样利于数据交换
实现方法:
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds,"table1");
DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
StringWriter sw=new StringWriter();
sw.WriteLine("自动编号,姓名,年龄");
foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
}
sw.Close();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=test.csv");
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
Response.Write(sw);
Response.End();
对方法一,二补充一点,如果你希望导出的是xls文件分隔符用\t就可以了,不要用逗号
代码修改如下:
sw.WriteLine("自动编号\t姓名\t年龄");
foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+"\t"+dr["vName"]+"\t"+dr["iAge"]);
}
另外,修改输出的文件扩展名为xls即可。
方法三:从datagrid导出html代码,生成excel文件,给客户端下载
优点:
1、有固定的格式,样子好看(datagrid的样子)
局限性:
1、不适合数据交换,里面有html代码,比较乱,没有固定格式
2、datagrid不能有分页、排序等,否则出错
实现方法:
Response.Clear();
Response.Buffer= false;
Response.Charset="GB2312";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=test.xls");
Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"; this.EnableViewState = false;
System.IO.StringWriter oStringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter();
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter oHtmlTextWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter);
this.DataGrid1.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter);
Response.Write(oStringWriter.ToString());
Response.End();
在这里说明一点:有的网友反映代码出现“没有dr["id"]”之类的错误,这个代码是按照我的数据结构来写的,到时候相关的字段要换成你自己的才是。
还有就是如果文件名需要中文的话,这么修改Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode("中文",System.Text.Encoding.UTF8)+".xls");我的写法:
public void getExcel(string mdDanHao)
{
string sqlconn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ErpConnectionString"].ConnectionString;
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(sqlconn);
conn.Open();
string sqlText = "exec duojieyongliang '" + mdDanHao + "'";
SqlDataAdapter ada = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlText, conn);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ada.Fill(ds, "duojieyongliang9");
DataTable tablex = ds.Tables["duojieyongliang9"];
/
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
sw.WriteLine("上级主件品号,版本,序号,元件品号,组成用量,底数,损耗率,工艺,取替代料,生效日期,失效日期,默认选择,标准成本计算,备注,材料类型,标准批量,工单单别,备注2,品名,规格,库存单位,主要仓库,低阶码,主供应商,主供应商2,品号属性");
foreach (DataRow dr in tablex.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr[0] + "," + dr[1] + "," + dr[2] + "," + dr[3] + "," + dr[4] + "," + dr[5] + "," + dr[6] + "," + dr[7] + "," + dr[8] + "," + dr[9] + "," + dr[10] + "," + dr[11] + "," + dr[12] + "," + dr[13] + "," + dr[14] + "," + dr[15] + "," + dr[16] + "," + dr[17] + "," + dr[18] + "," + dr[19] + "," + dr[20] + "," + dr[21] + "," + dr[22] + "," + dr[23] + "," + dr[24] + "," + dr[25]);
}
sw.Close();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode("多阶用量清单带供应商", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8) + ".csv");
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
Response.Write(sw);
conn.Close();
ds.Dispose();
ds.Clear();
Response.End();
//
}