java网络编程基础代表性API

InetAddress类相关

 //获取本机的InetAddress实例
        InetAddress address = Inet4Address.getLocalHost();
        //获取计算机名
        address.getHostName();
        //获取IP地址
        address.getHostAddress();
        //获取字节数组形式的IP地址
        byte[] bytes = address.getAddress();

        //根据机器名获取InetAddress实例
        InetAddress madandan = Inet4Address.getByName("madandan");
        //获取计算机名
        madandan.getHostName();
        //IP地址
        madandan.getHostAddress();

URL类相关

//创建一个URL实例
            URL baidu=new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
            //?后面表示参数，#后面表示锚点
            URL url=new URL(baidu, "/index.html?username=tom#test");
            System.out.println("协议："+url.getProtocol());
            System.out.println("主机："+url.getHost());
            //如果未指定端口号，则使用默认的端口号，此时getPort()方法返回值为-1
            System.out.println("端口："+url.getPort());
            System.out.println("文件路径："+url.getPath());
            System.out.println("文件名："+url.getFile());
            System.out.println("相对路径："+url.getRef());
            System.out.println("查询字符串："+url.getQuery());