[转载] python numpy np.exp()函数

参考链接： Python中的numpy.exp

def exp(x, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ 

    """

    exp(x, /, out=None, *, where=True, casting='same_kind', order='K', dtype=None, subok=True[, signature, extobj])

    

    Calculate the exponential of all elements in the input array.

    计算输入数组中所有元素的指数。

    

    Parameters

    ----------

    x : array_like

        Input values.

    out : ndarray, None, or tuple of ndarray and None, optional

        A location into which the result is stored. If provided, it must have

        a shape that the inputs broadcast to. If not provided or `None`,

        a freshly-allocated array is returned. A tuple (possible only as a

        keyword argument) must have length equal to the number of outputs.

    where : array_like, optional

        Values of True indicate to calculate the ufunc at that position, values

        of False indicate to leave the value in the output alone.

    **kwargs

        For other keyword-only arguments, see the

        :ref:`ufunc docs <ufuncs.kwargs>`.

    

    Returns

    -------

    out : ndarray or scalar

        Output array, element-wise exponential of `x`.

        This is a scalar if `x` is a scalar.

        输出数组，`x`的按元素指数。

         如果x是标量，则这是标量。

    

    See Also

    --------

    expm1 : Calculate ``exp(x) - 1`` for all elements in the array.

    exp2  : Calculate ``2**x`` for all elements in the array.

    

    Notes

    -----

    The irrational number ``e`` is also known as Euler's number.  It is

    approximately 2.718281, and is the base of the natural logarithm,

    ``ln`` (this means that, if :math:`x = \ln y = \log_e y`,

    then :math:`e^x = y`. For real input, ``exp(x)`` is always positive.

    

    无理数``e''也称为欧拉数。 

    它大约是2.718281，并且是自然对数``ln''的底数

    （这意味着，如果：math：`x = \ ln y = \ log_e y`，那么：math：`e ^ x = y 

    对于实际输入，exp（x）始终为正。

    

    For complex arguments, ``x = a + ib``, we can write

    :math:`e^x = e^a e^{ib}`.  The first term, :math:`e^a`, is already

    known (it is the real argument, described above).  The second term,

    :math:`e^{ib}`, is :math:`\cos b + i \sin b`, a function with

    magnitude 1 and a periodic phase.

 

    对于复杂的参数x = a + ib，我们可以写成：math：`e ^ x = e ^ a e ^ {ib}`。 

    第一项：math：`e ^ a`是已知的（这是上述的实参）。 第二项e ^ {ib}`是\ cos b + i \ sin b`，这是一个具有幅度1和周期相位的函数。

    

    References

    ----------

    .. [1] Wikipedia, "Exponential function",

           http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_function

    .. [2] M. Abramovitz and I. A. Stegun, "Handbook of Mathematical Functions

           with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables," Dover, 1964, p. 69,

           http://www.math.sfu.ca/~cbm/aands/page_69.htm

    

    Examples

    --------

    Plot the magnitude and phase of ``exp(x)`` in the complex plane:

    在复平面上绘制``exp（x）``的大小和相位：

    

    >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

    

    >>> x = np.linspace(-2*np.pi, 2*np.pi, 100)

    >>> xx = x + 1j * x[:, np.newaxis] # a + ib over complex plane

    >>> out = np.exp(xx)

    

    >>> plt.subplot(121)

    >>> plt.imshow(np.abs(out),

    ...            extent=[-2*np.pi, 2*np.pi, -2*np.pi, 2*np.pi], cmap='gray')

    >>> plt.title('Magnitude of exp(x)')

    

    >>> plt.subplot(122)

    >>> plt.imshow(np.angle(out),

    ...            extent=[-2*np.pi, 2*np.pi, -2*np.pi, 2*np.pi], cmap='hsv')

    >>> plt.title('Phase (angle) of exp(x)')

    >>> plt.show()

    """

    pass

 

示例结果：