[转载] python+opencv4读取图像

参考链接： Python Opencv 基础 1: imread 读取图像

1安装opencv 2安装jupyter Notebook 

1读取图片 

import cv2 #opencv读取的格式是BGR

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np 

%matplotlib inline 

 

img=cv2.imread('cat.jpg')

 

2读取灰度图像 

img=cv2.imread('cat.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)

img

 

#%%

 

img.shape

 

cv2.imshow('image',img) 

# 等待时间，毫秒级，0表示任意键终止

cv2.waitKey(10000) 

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

cv2.imwrite('mycat.png',img)  #保存图像

 

读取视频 

- cv2.VideoCapture可以捕获摄像头，用数字来控制不同的设备，例如0,1。

- 如果是视频文件，直接指定好路径即可

- 。

 

 

vc = cv2.VideoCapture('test.mp4')

 

#%%

 

# 检查是否打开正确

if vc.isOpened(): 

    oepn, frame = vc.read()

else:

    open = False

 

#%%

 

while open:

    ret, frame = vc.read()

    if frame is None:

        break

    if ret == True:

        gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame,  cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

        #去掉上面这行显示的是彩色视频

        cv2.imshow('result', gray)

        if cv2.waitKey(100) & 0xFF == 27:

            break

vc.release()

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

 

4 显示ROI区域 

cat=img[0:50,0:200] 

cv_show('cat',cat)

 

 

5显示某个通道 

b,g,r=cv2.split(img)

 

```python

# 只保留R

cur_img = img.copy()

cur_img[:,:,0] = 0

cur_img[:,:,1] = 0

cv_show('R',cur_img)

 

cur_img = img.copy()

cur_img[:,:,0] = 0

cur_img[:,:,2] = 0

cv_show('G',cur_img)

 

 

 

cur_img = img.copy()

cur_img[:,:,1] = 0

cur_img[:,:,2] = 0

cv_show('B',cur_img)

 

 

6 边界填充

 

```python

top_size,bottom_size,left_size,right_size = (50,50,50,50)

 

replicate = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, borderType=cv2.BORDER_REPLICATE)

reflect = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size,cv2.BORDER_REFLECT)

reflect101 = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101)

wrap = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2.BORDER_WRAP)

constant = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size,cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=0)

 

 

 

```python

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.subplot(231), plt.imshow(img, 'gray'), plt.title('ORIGINAL')

plt.subplot(232), plt.imshow(replicate, 'gray'), plt.title('REPLICATE')

plt.subplot(233), plt.imshow(reflect, 'gray'), plt.title('REFLECT')

plt.subplot(234), plt.imshow(reflect101, 'gray'), plt.title('REFLECT_101')

plt.subplot(235), plt.imshow(wrap, 'gray'), plt.title('WRAP')

plt.subplot(236), plt.imshow(constant, 'gray'), plt.title('CONSTANT')

 

plt.show()