Django表单页面渲染

fom 类

class RegForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(
        label='用户名', 
        max_length=30,
        min_length=3,
        widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control', 'placeholder':'请输入3-30位用户名'})
    )
    email = forms.EmailField(
        label='邮箱', 
        widget=forms.EmailInput(attrs={'class':'form-control', 'placeholder':'请输入邮箱'})
    )
    verification_code = forms.CharField(
        label='验证码',
        required=False,
        widget=forms.TextInput(
            attrs={'class':'form-control', 'placeholder':'点击“发送验证码”发送到邮箱'}
        )
    )
    password = forms.CharField(
        label='密码', 
        min_length=6,
        widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={'class':'form-control', 'placeholder':'请输入密码'})
    )
    password_again = forms.CharField(
        label='再输入一次密码', 
        min_length=6,
        widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={'class':'form-control', 'placeholder':'再输入一次密码'})
    )

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if 'request' in kwargs:
            self.request = kwargs.pop('request')
        super(RegForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def clean(self):
        # 判断验证码
        code = self.request.session.get('register_code', '')
        verification_code = self.cleaned_data.get('verification_code', '')
        if not (code != '' and code == verification_code):
            raise forms.ValidationError('验证码不正确')
        return self.cleaned_data

    def clean_username(self):
        username = self.cleaned_data['username']
        if User.objects.filter(username=username).exists():
            raise forms.ValidationError('用户名已存在')
        return username

    def clean_email(self):
        email = self.cleaned_data['email']
        if User.objects.filter(email=email).exists():
            raise forms.ValidationError('邮箱已存在')
        return email

    def clean_password_again(self):
        password = self.cleaned_data['password']
        password_again = self.cleaned_data['password_again']
        if password != password_again:
            raise forms.ValidationError('两次输入的密码不一致')
        return password_again

    def clean_verification_code(self):
        verification_code = self.cleaned_data.get('verification_code', '').strip()
        if verification_code == '':
            raise forms.ValidationError('验证码不能为空')
        return verification_code

注意区分字段clean方法与from的clean方法

Form.clean() 引发的任何错误将不会与任何特定的字段关联。它们位于一个特定的“字段”（叫做__all__）中，如果需要可以通过 non_field_errors() 方法访问

字段的clean方法是与字段相关联的

前端渲染方式

<form action="" method="POST">
	{% csrf_token %}
	{% for field in reg_form %}
		<label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}">{{ field.label }}</label>
		{{ field }}
		<p class="text-danger">{{ field.errors.as_text }}</p>
	{% endfor %}
	<span class="text-danger">{{ reg_form.non_field_errors }}</span>
	<div class="clearfix"></div>
	<button id="send_code" class="btn btn-primary pull-left">发送验证码</button>
	<input type="submit" value="注册" class="btn btn-primary pull-right">
</form>

又或者可以这样

<div class="fieldWrapper">
    {{ form.subject.errors }}
    {{ form.subject.label_tag }}
    {{ form.subject }}
    {{ field.errors.as_text }
</div>

其中{{ field.errors.as_text }}将会输出字段的clean方法抛出的异常信息

而{{ reg_form.non_field_errors }}将会输出Form.clean()方法抛出的异常信息

一般Form.clean()方法进行多个字段验证，抛出多个异常信息例如

raise ValidationError([
    ValidationError(_('Error 1'), code='error1'),
    ValidationError(_('Error 2'), code='error2'),
])

然后在前端进行渲染的时候，渲染出的html文本是如下方式

<ul class="errorlist">
    <li>Sender is required.</li>
</ul>