Socket实现进程间通信

1.Socket简单介绍

• Socket可以实现进程间通信，Socket称为”套接字”，它分为流式套接字和用户数据套接字， 分别对应网络中的TCP和UDP协议。
• TCP协议是面向连接的协议，提供稳定的双向通信功能，TCP连接的建立是通过三次握手才能完成，稳定性高，效率相对UDP较低。
• UDP协议是面向无连接的，提供单向通信功能，效率高，不保证数据一定能够正确传输。
• Android4.0以后不能在主线程中请求网络，会抛出异常NetworkOnMainThreadException。

2.客户端的实现

用Socket来进行进程间通信需要加上权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>

MainActivity位于默认进程中

public class MainActivity extends Activity
{

    private static final int MESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG = 1;

    private static final int MESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED = 2;

    @InjectView(R.id.msg_container)
    TextView mMsgContainer;
    @InjectView(R.id.msg)
    EditText mMsg;
    @InjectView(R.id.send)
    Button mSend;
    private PrintWriter mPrintWriter;
    private Socket mClientSocket;


    private Handler mHandler = new Handler()
    {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg)
        {
            switch (msg.what)
            {
                case MESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG:
                {
                    mMsgContainer.setText(mMsgContainer.getText() + (String) msg.obj);
                    break;
                }
                case MESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED: {
                    mSend.setEnabled(true);
                    break;
                }
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.inject(this);
        clickEent();
        Intent service = new Intent(this, TcpService.class);
        startService(service);
        new Thread()
        {
            @Override
            public void run()
            {
                connectTCPServer();
            }
        }.start();
    }

    private void clickEent()
    {
        mSend.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
        {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view)
            {
                if (view== mSend)
                {
                    final String msg = mMsg.getText().toString();
                    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(msg) && mPrintWriter != null)
                    {
                        mPrintWriter.println(msg);
                        mMsg.setText("");
                        String time = formatDateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
                        final String showedMsg = "客户端" + time + ":" + msg + "\n";
                        mMsgContainer.setText(mMsgContainer.getText() + showedMsg);
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        if (mClientSocket != null) {
            try {
                mClientSocket.shutdownInput();
                mClientSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    private String formatDateTime(long time)
    {
        return new SimpleDateFormat("(HH:mm:ss)").format(new Date(time));
    }

    private void connectTCPServer()
    {
        Socket socket = null;
        while (socket == null)
        {
            try
            {
                socket = new Socket("localhost", 8088);
                mClientSocket = socket;
                mPrintWriter = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())), true);
                mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED);
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                SystemClock.sleep(1000);
            }
        }
        try
        {
            // 接收服务器端的消息
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            while (!MainActivity.this.isFinishing())
            {
                String msg = br.readLine();
                if (msg != null) {
                    String time = formatDateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
                    final String showedMsg = "服务端" + time + ":" + msg + "\n";
                    mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG, showedMsg).sendToTarget();
                }
            }
            Utils.close(mPrintWriter);
            Utils.close(br);
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3.服务端的实现

TcpService位于私有进程中

 <service
          android:name=".service.TcpService"
          android:process=":remote"/>

public class TcpService extends Service
{ 
    private boolean mIsServiceDestoryed = false;

    private String[] mDefinedMessages = new String[] {
            "你好?",
            "请问你叫什么名字呀？",
            "吃饭了吗",
            "今天可以一起去看电影啊",
            "你的快递收到了吗",
            "今天北京的天气不错啊",
            "明天周末准备到哪玩啊？"
    };

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        new Thread(new TcpServer()).start();
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        mIsServiceDestoryed = true;
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    private class TcpServer implements Runnable {

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        @Override
        public void run() {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
            try {
                serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8088);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return;
            }

            while (!mIsServiceDestoryed) {
                try {
                    // 接受客户端请求
                    final Socket client = serverSocket.accept();
                    new Thread() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            try {
                                responseClient(client);
                            } catch (IOException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        };
                    }.start();

                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void responseClient(Socket client) throws IOException {
        // 用于接收客户端消息
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                client.getInputStream()));
        // 用于向客户端发送消息
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(
                new OutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream())), true);
        out.println("欢迎来到聊天室！");
        while (!mIsServiceDestoryed) {
            String str = in.readLine();
            if (str == null) {
                break;
            }
            int i = new Random().nextInt(mDefinedMessages.length);
            String msg = mDefinedMessages[i];
            out.println(msg);
        }
        // 关闭流
        Utils.close(out);
        Utils.close(in);
        client.close();
    }
}

4.下载地址和运行结果截图

运行结果截图：

下载地址：https://github.com/zeke123/Socket