spring中如何给对象的属性复制?
1)通过构造方法
2)通过set方法给属性注入值
3)p命名空间
4)自动转配(了解即可,不推荐使用)
5)注解
准备工作(模拟业务方法)Action-->service-->dao
1)UserDao:
p<span style="font-family:Courier New;">ublic class UserDao {
public void save(){
System.out.println("save方法");
}
}</span>
2)UserService:
p<span style="font-family:Courier New;">ublic class UserService {
private UserDao userDao;
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
public void save(){
userDao.save();
}
}</span>
3)UserAction:
<span style="font-family:Courier New;">public class UserAction {
private UserService userService;
public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
public String execute(){
userService.save();
return null;
}
}</span>
4)App测试类:
public class App {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("cn/itcast/property/bean.xml");
@Test
public void test(){
UserAction userAction=(UserAction) ac.getBean("userAction");
System.out.println(userAction.execute());
}
}
5)bean.xml的约束
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
</beans>
方式一.set方法注入
1)必须保证有set方法
<bean id="userDao" class="cn.itcast.property.UserDao"></bean>
<bean id="userService" class="cn.itcast.property.UserService">
<property name="userdao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userAction" class="cn.itcast.property.UserAction">
<property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>
</bean>
方式二.内部bean(因为是内部bean 因此如果还有一个action 就不能引用里面的service方法)
bean id="userAction" class="cn.itcast.property.UserAction">
<property name="userService">
<bean id="userService" class="cn.itcast.property.UserService">
<property name="userDao">
<bean id="userDao" class="cn.itcast.property.UserDao"></bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
方式三.p命名空间
<bean id="userDao" class="cn.itcast.property.UserDao"></bean>
<bean id="userService" class="cn.itcast.property.UserService" p:userdao-ref="userDao"></bean>
<bean id="userAction" class="cn.itcast.property.UserAction" p:userService-ref="userService"></bean>
方式四:自动装配(不推荐使用)
<!-- 根据“名称”自动装配: userAction注入的属性,会去ioc容器中自动查找与属性同名的对象 -->
<bean id="userDao" class="cn.itcast.property.UserDao" ></bean>
<bean id="userService" class="cn.itcast.property.UserService" autowire="byName"></bean>
<bean id="userAction" class="cn.itcast.property.UserAction" autowire="byName"></bean>
方式五:注解
使用注解步骤:
1)先引入context名称空间
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
2)开启注解扫描
<context:component-scanbase-package="cn.itcast.e_anno2"></context:component-scan>
3)使用注解
通过注解的方式,把对象加入ioc容器。
创建对象以及处理对象依赖关系,相关的注解:
@Component 指定把一个对象加入IOC容器
@Repository 作用同@Component; 在持久层使用
@Service 作用同@Component; 在业务逻辑层使用
@Controller 作用同@Component; 在控制层使用
@Resource 属性注入
<!-- 开启扫描机制 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.property"></context:component-scan>
UserDao使用注解(
使用注解就不用set方法了)
@Repository
public class UserDao {
public void save(){
System.out.println("save方法");
}
}
UserService使用注解:
@Service
public class UserService {
@Resource
private UserDao userDao;
public void save(){
userDao.save();
}
}
UserAction使用注解
@Controller
public class UserAction {
@Resource
private UserService userService;
public String execute(){
userService.save();
return null;
}
}
运行结果都为: