本文主要介绍Idea中搭建Spring+SpringMVC过程,主要分为两种(XML、JAVA配置)方式
一、XML配置方式
首先创建一个普通的Maven项目,Maven项目创建成功后,这是一个JavaSE项目,将JavaSE项目改造成web项目;
1.在pom.xml中加入如下配置
<packaging>war</packaging>
2.选中工程,按F4快捷键,按如下图做配置
3.pom.xml中加入如下配置:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
4.resource目录下,创建spring配置文件(applicationContext.xml)与springmvc(spring-servlet.xml)配置文件
5.配置applicationContext.xml,其中排除springmvc中的Controller注解扫描
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gy" use-default-filters="true">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
6.配置spring-servlet.xml,其中引入SpringMVC中的Controller注解扫描
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gy" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
7.配置web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
8.新建Controller与Service测试环境是否配置正确
package com.gy.controller;
import com.gy.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
HelloService helloService;
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return helloService.hello();
}
}
package com.gy.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class HelloService {
public String hello(){
return "hello world";
}
}
9.配置Tomcat,选择Edit Configurations
10.启动项目,访问 http://localhost:8080/hello ,结果如下,spring+springmvc环境搭建成功
二、JAVA纯代码配置方式
package com.gy.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.gy",useDefaultFilters = true,excludeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,value = Controller.class)})
public class SpringConfig {
}
package com.gy.config;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter;
import com.gy.inter.HelloInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurationSupport;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.List;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.gy",useDefaultFilters = false,includeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,
value = Controller.class),@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,value = Configuration.class)})
public class SpringMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
/**
* 在这里配置静态资源访问
* @param registry
*/
@Override
protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("/**").addResourceLocations("/");
}
/**
* 配置拦截器
* @param registry
*/
@Override
protected void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(new HelloInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**");
}
@Override
protected void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter converter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
converter.setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
FastJsonConfig config = new FastJsonConfig();
converter.setFastJsonConfig(config);
converters.add(converter);
}
}
package com.gy.config;
import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration;
/**
* 这个类用来代替web.xml,在项目启动时,将自动加载这个类
*/
public class WebInit implements WebApplicationInitializer {
/**
* 项目启动时这个方法将会自动执行
* @param sc
* @throws ServletException
*/
public void onStartup(javax.servlet.ServletContext sc) throws ServletException {
//在这个类中手动加载springmvc
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
context.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);
context.setServletContext(sc);
ServletRegistration.Dynamic springmvc = sc.addServlet("springmvc", new DispatcherServlet(context));
springmvc.addMapping("/");
springmvc.setLoadOnStartup(1);
}
}
package com.gy.controller;
import com.gy.bean.User;
import com.gy.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
HelloService helloService;
@GetMapping("/hi")
public String sayHi(String name){
return helloService.sayHi(name);
}
@GetMapping("/user")
public User user(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(1L);
user.setUsername("lbj");
user.setAddr("Lakers");
return user;
}
}
package com.gy.inter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class HelloInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("preHandle");
return true;
}
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("postHandle");
}
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("afterCompletion");
}
}
package com.gy.bean;
public class User {
private Long id;
private String username;
private String addr;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddr() {
return addr;
}
public void setAddr(String addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.gy</groupId>
<artifactId>java_ss</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>