关于android对File操作的一类总结

在做android应用的时候，经常会用到一些对文件的操作，这些对文件的操作，其实与pc端一样，就是读写文件，不同点在于这个是写在sd卡的。

所以要对文件进行操作，首先需要注意以下几个问题

1.权限 要是对android的sd卡进行操作的话需要先定义权限，android定义权限的地方时在AndroidManifest.xml里面

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>

2.路径 既然要对sd卡进行操作，那么sd卡的路径也是必须，一般都是用 Environment.getExternalStorageState(); 获取sd卡路径

以下总结了对File的若干操作方法

	/**
	 * 写文本文件 在Android系统中，文件保存在 /data/data/PACKAGE_NAME/files 目录下
	 * 
	 * @param context
	 * @param msg
	 */
	public static void write(Context context, String fileName, String content) {
		if (content == null)
			content = "";

		try {
			FileOutputStream fos = context.openFileOutput(fileName,
					Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
			fos.write(content.getBytes());

			fos.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 读取文本文件
	 * 
	 * @param context
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String read(Context context, String fileName) {
		try {
			FileInputStream in = context.openFileInput(fileName);
			return readInStream(in);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "";
	}

	public static String readInStream(InputStream inStream) {
		try {
			ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
			byte[] buffer = new byte[512];
			int length = -1;
			while ((length = inStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
				outStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
			}

			outStream.close();
			inStream.close();
			return outStream.toString();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			Log.i("FileTest", e.getMessage());
		}
		return null;
	}

	public static File createFile(String folderPath, String fileName) {
		File destDir = new File(folderPath);
		if (!destDir.exists()) {
			destDir.mkdirs();
		}
		return new File(folderPath, fileName + fileName);
	}

	/**
	 * 向手机写图片
	 * 
	 * @param buffer
	 * @param folder
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean writeFile(byte[] buffer, String folder,
			String fileName) {
		boolean writeSucc = false;
		//sd卡是否存在
		boolean sdCardExist = Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
				android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);

		String folderPath = "";
		if (sdCardExist) {
			//获取sd卡路径
			//File.separator是分隔符 windows是"\"unix是"/"
			folderPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
					+ File.separator + folder + File.separator;
		} else {
			writeSucc = false;
		}

		File fileDir = new File(folderPath);
		if (!fileDir.exists()) {
			fileDir.mkdirs();
		}

		File file = new File(folderPath + fileName);
		FileOutputStream out = null;
		try {
			out = new FileOutputStream(file);
			out.write(buffer);
			writeSucc = true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				out.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		return writeSucc;
	}

	/**
	 * 根据文件绝对路径获取文件名
	 * 
	 * @param filePath
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getFileName(String filePath) {
		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(filePath))
			return "";
		return filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator) + 1);
	}

	/**
	 * 根据文件的绝对路径获取文件名但不包含扩展名
	 * 
	 * @param filePath
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getFileNameNoFormat(String filePath) {
		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(filePath)) {
			return "";
		}
		int point = filePath.lastIndexOf('.');
		return filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator) + 1,
				point);
	}

	/**
	 * 获取文件扩展名
	 * 
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getFileFormat(String fileName) {
		if (StringUtils.isEmpty(fileName))
			return "";

		int point = fileName.lastIndexOf('.');
		return fileName.substring(point + 1);
	}

	/**
	 * 获取文件大小
	 * 
	 * @param filePath
	 * @return
	 */
	public static long getFileSize(String filePath) {
		long size = 0;

		File file = new File(filePath);
		if (file != null && file.exists()) {
			size = file.length();
		}
		return size;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取文件大小
	 * 
	 * @param size
	 *            字节
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getFileSize(long size) {
		if (size <= 0)
			return "0";
		java.text.DecimalFormat df = new java.text.DecimalFormat("##.##");
		float temp = (float) size / 1024;
		if (temp >= 1024) {
			return df.format(temp / 1024) + "M";
		} else {
			return df.format(temp) + "K";
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 转换文件大小
	 * 
	 * @param fileS
	 * @return B/KB/MB/GB
	 */
	public static String formatFileSize(long fileS) {
		java.text.DecimalFormat df = new java.text.DecimalFormat("#.00");
		String fileSizeString = "";
		if (fileS < 1024) {
			fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS) + "B";
		} else if (fileS < 1048576) {
			fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1024) + "KB";
		} else if (fileS < 1073741824) {
			fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1048576) + "MB";
		} else {
			fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1073741824) + "G";
		}
		return fileSizeString;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取目录文件大小
	 * 
	 * @param dir
	 * @return
	 */
	public static long getDirSize(File dir) {
		if (dir == null) {
			return 0;
		}
		if (!dir.isDirectory()) {
			return 0;
		}
		long dirSize = 0;
		File[] files = dir.listFiles();
		for (File file : files) {
			if (file.isFile()) {
				dirSize += file.length();
			} else if (file.isDirectory()) {
				dirSize += file.length();
				dirSize += getDirSize(file); // 递归调用继续统计
			}
		}
		return dirSize;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取目录文件个数
	 * 
	 * @param f
	 * @return
	 */
	public long getFileList(File dir) {
		long count = 0;
		File[] files = dir.listFiles();
		count = files.length;
		for (File file : files) {
			if (file.isDirectory()) {
				count = count + getFileList(file);// 递归
				count--;
			}
		}
		return count;
	}

	public static byte[] toBytes(InputStream in) throws IOException {
		ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int ch;
		while ((ch = in.read()) != -1) {
			out.write(ch);
		}
		byte buffer[] = out.toByteArray();
		out.close();
		return buffer;
	}

	/**
	 * 检查文件是否存在
	 * 
	 * @param name
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean checkFileExists(String name) {
		boolean status;
		if (!name.equals("")) {
			File path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
			File newPath = new File(path.toString() + name);
			status = newPath.exists();
		} else {
			status = false;
		}
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 检查路径是否存在
	 * 
	 * @param path
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean checkFilePathExists(String path) {
		return new File(path).exists();
	}

	/**
	 * 计算SD卡的剩余空间
	 * 
	 * @return 返回-1，说明没有安装sd卡
	 */
	public static long getFreeDiskSpace() {
		String status = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
		long freeSpace = 0;
		if (status.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
			try {
				File path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
				StatFs stat = new StatFs(path.getPath());
				long blockSize = stat.getBlockSize();
				long availableBlocks = stat.getAvailableBlocks();
				freeSpace = availableBlocks * blockSize / 1024;
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		} else {
			return -1;
		}
		return (freeSpace);
	}

	/**
	 * 新建目录
	 * 
	 * @param directoryName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean createDirectory(String directoryName) {
		boolean status;
		if (!directoryName.equals("")) {
			File path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
			File newPath = new File(path.toString() + directoryName);
			status = newPath.mkdir();
			status = true;
		} else
			status = false;
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 检查是否安装SD卡
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean checkSaveLocationExists() {
		String sDCardStatus = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
		boolean status;
		if (sDCardStatus.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
			status = true;
		} else
			status = false;
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 删除目录(包括：目录里的所有文件)
	 * 
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean deleteDirectory(String fileName) {
		boolean status;
		SecurityManager checker = new SecurityManager();

		if (!fileName.equals("")) {

			File path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
			File newPath = new File(path.toString() + fileName);
			checker.checkDelete(newPath.toString());
			if (newPath.isDirectory()) {
				String[] listfile = newPath.list();
				// delete all files within the specified directory and then
				// delete the directory
				try {
					for (int i = 0; i < listfile.length; i++) {
						File deletedFile = new File(newPath.toString() + "/"
								+ listfile[i].toString());
						deletedFile.delete();
					}
					newPath.delete();
					Log.i("DirectoryManager deleteDirectory", fileName);
					status = true;
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
					status = false;
				}

			} else
				status = false;
		} else
			status = false;
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 删除文件
	 * 
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean deleteFile(String fileName) {
		boolean status;
		SecurityManager checker = new SecurityManager();

		if (!fileName.equals("")) {

			File path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
			File newPath = new File(path.toString() + fileName);
			checker.checkDelete(newPath.toString());
			if (newPath.isFile()) {
				try {
					Log.i("DirectoryManager deleteFile", fileName);
					newPath.delete();
					status = true;
				} catch (SecurityException se) {
					se.printStackTrace();
					status = false;
				}
			} else
				status = false;
		} else
			status = false;
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 删除空目录
	 * 
	 * 返回 0代表成功 ,1 代表没有删除权限, 2代表不是空目录,3 代表未知错误
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static int deleteBlankPath(String path) {
		File f = new File(path);
		if (!f.canWrite()) {
			return 1;
		}
		if (f.list() != null && f.list().length > 0) {
			return 2;
		}
		if (f.delete()) {
			return 0;
		}
		return 3;
	}

	/**
	 * 重命名
	 * 
	 * @param oldName
	 * @param newName
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean reNamePath(String oldName, String newName) {
		File f = new File(oldName);
		return f.renameTo(new File(newName));
	}

	/**
	 * 删除文件
	 * 
	 * @param filePath
	 */
	public static boolean deleteFileWithPath(String filePath) {
		SecurityManager checker = new SecurityManager();
		File f = new File(filePath);
		checker.checkDelete(filePath);
		if (f.isFile()) {
			Log.i("DirectoryManager deleteFile", filePath);
			f.delete();
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取SD卡的根目录，末尾带\
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getSDRoot() {
		return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
				+ File.separator;
	}

	/**
	 * 列出root目录下所有子目录
	 * 
	 * @param path
	 * @return 绝对路径
	 */
	public static List<String> listPath(String root) {
		List<String> allDir = new ArrayList<String>();
		SecurityManager checker = new SecurityManager();
		File path = new File(root);
		checker.checkRead(root);
		if (path.isDirectory()) {
			for (File f : path.listFiles()) {
				if (f.isDirectory()) {
					allDir.add(f.getAbsolutePath());
				}
			}
		}
		return allDir;
	}

	public enum PathStatus {
		SUCCESS, EXITS, ERROR
	}

	/**
	 * 创建目录
	 * 
	 * @param path
	 */
	public static PathStatus createPath(String newPath) {
		File path = new File(newPath);
		if (path.exists()) {
			return PathStatus.EXITS;
		}
		if (path.mkdir()) {
			return PathStatus.SUCCESS;
		} else {
			return PathStatus.ERROR;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 截取路径名
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getPathName(String absolutePath) {
		int start = absolutePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator) + 1;
		int end = absolutePath.length();
		return absolutePath.substring(start, end);
	}