UITextField的使用

修改UITextField的光标颜色

textField.tintColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

UITextField占位文字相关的设置

// 设置占位文字内容
@property(nullable, nonatomic,copy)   NSString *placeholder;
 // 设置带有属性的占位文字, 优先级 > placeholder
@property(nullable, nonatomic,copy)   NSAttributedString     *attributedPlaceholder;

NSAttributedString

带有属性的字符串, 富文本

由2部分组成

- 文字内容 : NSString *
- 文字属性 : NSDictionary *
    - 文字颜色 - NSForegroundColorAttributeName
    - 字体大小 - NSFontAttributeName
    - 下划线 - NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName
    - 背景色 - NSBackgroundColorAttributeName

初始化

NSMutableDictionary *attributes = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
attributes[NSForegroundColorAttributeName] = [UIColor yellowColor];
attributes[NSBackgroundColorAttributeName] = [UIColor redColor];
attributes[NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName] = @YES;
NSAttributedString *string = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"123" attributes:attributes];

使用场合

 - UILabel - attributedText
 - UITextField - attributedPlaceholder

NSMutableAttributedString

• 继承自NSAttributedString

常见方法

// 设置range范围的属性, 重复设置同一个范围的属性, 最后一次设置才是有效的(之前的设置会被覆盖掉)

//- (void)setAttributes:(nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)attrs range:(NSRange)range;
// 添加range范围的属性, 同一个范围, 可以不断累加属性
//- (void)addAttribute:(NSString *)name value:(id)value range:(NSRange)range;
//- (void)addAttributes:(NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)attrs range:(NSRange)range;

图文混排

UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
label.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 25);
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
label.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14];
[self.view addSubview:label];

// 图文混排
NSMutableAttributedString *attributedText = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] init];
// 1 - 你好
NSAttributedString *first = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"你好"];
[attributedText appendAttributedString:first];

 // 2 - 图片
 // 带有图片的附件对象
NSTextAttachment *attachment = [[NSTextAttachment alloc] init];
attachment.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"header_cry_icon"];
CGFloat lineH = label.font.lineHeight;
attachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, - ((label.xmg_height - lineH) * 0.5 - 1), lineH, lineH);
// 将附件对象包装成一个属性文字
NSAttributedString *second = [NSAttributedString attributedStringWithAttachment:attachment];
[attributedText appendAttributedString:second];

// 3 - 哈哈哈
NSAttributedString *third = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"哈哈哈"];
[attributedText appendAttributedString:third];

label.attributedText = attributedText;

一个Label显示多行不同字体的文字

UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
// 设置属性文字
NSString *text = @"你好\n哈哈哈";
NSMutableAttributedString *attributedText = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text];
[attributedText addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:10] range:NSMakeRange(0, text.length)];
[attributedText addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:[UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:13] range:NSMakeRange(3, 3)];
label.attributedText = attributedText;
// 其他设置
label.numberOfLines = 0;
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
label.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 40);
[self.view addSubview:label];
self.navigationItem.titleView = label;

修改UITextField占位文字的颜色

使用attributedPlaceholder

@property(nullable, nonatomic,copy)   NSAttributedString     *attributedPlaceholder;
重写- (void)drawPlaceholderInRect:(CGRect)rect;
- (void)drawPlaceholderInRect:(CGRect)rect;

修改内部占位文字Label的文字颜色

[textField setValue:[UIColor grayColor] forKeyPath:@"placeholderLabel.textColor"];

如何监听一个控件内部的事件

如果继承自UIControl

- (void)addTarget:(nullable id)target action:(SEL)action forControlEvents:(UIControlEvents)controlEvents;

• 代理

• 通知

• 利用内部的某些机制

  • 比如重写UITextField的becomeFirstResponder和resignFirstResponder来监听UITextField的获得焦点和失去焦点事件

assign和weak的区别

• 本质区别

  • 速度比较: __unsafe_unretained > __weak

  @property (nonatomic, assign) WDDog *dog; // WDDog *__unsafe_unretained _dog;

__unsafe_unretained的特点:
1.不是强引用, 不能保住OC对象的命
2.如果引用的OC对象销毁了, 指针并不会被自动清空, 依然指向销毁的对象(很容易产生野指针错误: EXC_BAD_ACCESS)

@property (nonatomic, weak) WDDog *dog;  // WDDog * _Nullable __weak _dog;

__weak的特点:
1.不是强引用, 不能保住OC对象的命
2.如果引用的OC对象销毁了, 指针会被自动清空(变为nil), 不再指向销毁的对象(永远不会产生野指针错误)

• 用途
  
  • assign一般用在基本数据类型上面, 比如int\double等
  • weak一般用在代理对象上面, 或者用来解决循环强引用的问题

监听UITextField的获得焦点和失去焦点事件

addTarget

[textField addTarget:target action:@selector(editingDidBegin) forControlEvents:UIControlEventEditingDidBegin];
[textField addTarget:target action:@selector(editingDidEnd) forControlEvents:UIControlEventEditingDidEnd];

UIControlEventEditingDidBegin
1.开始编辑
2.获得焦点
3.弹出键盘

UIControlEventEditingDidEnd
1.结束编辑
2.失去焦点
3.退下键盘

delegate

textField.delegate = self;

#pragma mark - <UITextFieldDelegate>
- (void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{

}

- (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{

}

通知

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(beginEditing) name:UITextFieldTextDidBeginEditingNotification object:textField];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(endEditing) name:UITextFieldTextDidEndEditingNotification object:textField];

- (void)dealloc
{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];
}

- (void)beginEditing
{

}

- (void)endEditing
{

}


- 重写UITextField的`becomeFirstResponder`和`resignFirstResponder`方法


/**
*  调用时刻 : 成为第一响应者(开始编辑\弹出键盘\获得焦点)
*/
- (BOOL)becomeFirstResponder
{

return [super becomeFirstResponder];
}

/**
 *  调用时刻 : 不做第一响应者(结束编辑\退出键盘\失去焦点)
 */
- (BOOL)resignFirstResponder
{

return [super resignFirstResponder];
}