Python Class Object

1.对象的定义和成员变量

#!/usr/bin/python3

# classes.py by Bill Weinman [http://bw.org/]
# This is an exercise file from Python 3 Essential Training on lynda.com
# Copyright 2010 The BearHeart Group, LLC


class Duck:
    
    def __init__(self,value=12):
        print('constructor')
        self._v=value    
    def quack(self):
        print('Quaaack!',self._v)


    def walk(self):
        print('Walks like a duck.',self._v)


def main():
    donald = Duck()
    donald.quack()
    donald.walk()
    
    fork = Duck(23)
    fork.quack()
    fork.walk()

if __name__ == "__main__": main()

2 dictionary  to handle variable 

    2.1  no dictionary

   #!/usr/bin/python3
# classes.py by Bill Weinman [http://bw.org/]
# This is an exercise file from Python 3 Essential Training on lynda.com
# Copyright 2010 The BearHeart Group, LLC


class Duck:
    
    def __init__(self,color,feet):
        
        print('constructor')
        self._color=color 
        self._feet=feet 
    def quack(self):
        print('Quaaack!',self._v)


    def walk(self):
        print('Walks like a duck.',self._v)
    def  get_color(self):
        return self._color
    def set_color(self,color):
        self._color=color
    def  get_feet(self):
        return self._feet
    def set_feet(self,feet):
        self._color=feet
        


def main():
    donald = Duck('white',2)
    print(donald.get_color())
    print(donald.get_feet())
    
   


if __name__ == "__main__": main()

constructor
white
2

如果我们用dictionary 来处理成员变量 将会轻松许多

   #!/usr/bin/python3
# classes.py by Bill Weinman [http://bw.org/]
# This is an exercise file from Python 3 Essential Training on lynda.com
# Copyright 2010 The BearHeart Group, LLC


class Duck:
    
    def __init__(self,**kwargs):
        
        print('constructor')
        
        self.variables=kwargs
        
    def quack(self):
        print('Quaaack!',self._v)


    def walk(self):
        print('Walks like a duck.',self._v)
    
    
    def set_variable(self,k,v):
        self.variables[k]=v
    def get_variable(self,k):
        return self.variables.get(k,None)


def main():
    donald = Duck(color='white',feet=2)
    print(donald.get_variable('color'))
    print(donald.get_variable('feet'))
    
   


if __name__ == "__main__": main()

constructor
white
2