HTTP协议网络传输

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-09 17:15:35 发布

IT小白兔

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-09 17:15:35 发布

阅读量333

点赞数

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u014194661/article/details/26950189

版权

1 关键知识点

1 HttpURLConnection 接口

URL url = new URL("IP地址");

HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection()

2 设置HttpURLConnection 属性，比如设置输入输出流，传输方式，是否使用缓存等

2 逻辑代码

1 打开连接，

2 设置连接属性

3 获取数据流或发送数据流

4 对数据流进行处理

5 关闭数据流

3 JDK

01
public String executeHttpGet() {
02
        String result = null;
03
        URL url = null;
04
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
05
        InputStreamReader in = null;
06
        try {
07
            url = new URL("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/get/?token=alexzhou");
08
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
09
            in = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
10
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(in);
11
            StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer();
12
            String line = null;
13
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
14
                strBuffer.append(line);
15
            }
16
            result = strBuffer.toString();
17
        } catch (Exception e) {
18
            e.printStackTrace();
19
        } finally {
20
            if (connection != null) {
21
                connection.disconnect();
22
            }
23
            if (in != null) {
24
                try {
25
                    in.close();
26
                } catch (IOException e) {
27
                    e.printStackTrace();
28
                }
29
            }
30
 
31
        }
32
        return result;
33
    }

01
public String executeHttpPost() {
02
        String result = null;
03
        URL url = null;
04
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
05
        InputStreamReader in = null;
06
        try {
07
            url = new URL("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/post/");
08
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
09
            connection.setDoInput(true);
10
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
11
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
12
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
13
            connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");
14
            DataOutputStream dop = new DataOutputStream(
15
                    connection.getOutputStream());
16
            dop.writeBytes("token=alexzhou");
17
            dop.flush();
18
            dop.close();
19
 
20
            in = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
21
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(in);
22
            StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer();
23
            String line = null;
24
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
25
                strBuffer.append(line);
26
            }
27
            result = strBuffer.toString();
28
        } catch (Exception e) {
29
            e.printStackTrace();
30
        } finally {
31
            if (connection != null) {
32
                connection.disconnect();
33
            }
34
            if (in != null) {
35
                try {
36
                    in.close();
37
                } catch (IOException e) {
38
                    e.printStackTrace();
39
                }
40
            }
41
 
42
        }
43
        return result;
44
    }

APACHE

01
public String executeGet() {
02
        String result = null;
03
        BufferedReader reader = null;
04
        try {
05
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
06
            HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
07
            request.setURI(new URI(
08
                    "http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/get/?token=alexzhou"));
09
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
10
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
11
                    .getEntity().getContent()));
12
 
13
            StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer("");
14
            String line = null;
15
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
16
                strBuffer.append(line);
17
            }
18
            result = strBuffer.toString();
19
 
20
        } catch (Exception e) {
21
            e.printStackTrace();
22
        } finally {
23
            if (reader != null) {
24
                try {
25
                    reader.close();
26
                    reader = null;
27
                } catch (IOException e) {
28
                    e.printStackTrace();
29
                }
30
            }
31
        }
32
 
33
        return result;
34
    }

01
public String executePost() {
02
        String result = null;
03
        BufferedReader reader = null;
04
        try {
05
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
06
            HttpPost request = new HttpPost();
07
            request.setURI(new URI("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/post/"));
08
            List<NameValuePair> postParameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
09
            postParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("token", "alexzhou"));
10
            UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(
11
                    postParameters);
12
            request.setEntity(formEntity);
13
 
14
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
15
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
16
                    .getEntity().getContent()));
17
 
18
            StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer("");
19
            String line = null;
20
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
21
                strBuffer.append(line);
22
            }
23
            result = strBuffer.toString();
24
 
25
        } catch (Exception e) {
26
            e.printStackTrace();
27
        } finally {
28
            if (reader != null) {
29
                try {
30
                    reader.close();
31
                    reader = null;
32
                } catch (IOException e) {
33
                    e.printStackTrace();
34
                }
35
            }
36
        }
37
 
38
        return result;
39
    }

相关类参考

package com.android.lxcrm.util;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Handler;

import com.android.lxcrm.util.MMultipartEntity.ProgressListener;

/**
 * TODO
 */
public class HttpConnection {
	static final String TAG = "HttpConnection";

	/*
	 * do post 方式
	 */

	/**
	 * 以post方式请求服务，设置相关的请求参数
	 * 
	 * @param homeUrl
	 * @param params
	 * @param enc
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static String httpDoPostByMapParams(Context mContext,
			String homeUrl, Map<String, Object> params) throws Exception {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(entry.getValue())
						.append('&');
			}
			sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
		}
		
		URL url = new URL(homeUrl);
		HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		// 设置提交方式
		conn.setDoOutput(true);
		conn.setDoInput(true);
		conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
		// post方式不能使用缓存
		conn.setUseCaches(false);
		conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
		// 设置连接超时时间
		conn.setConnectTimeout(25 * 1000);
		// 配置本次连接的Content-Type，配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded
		// conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
		// "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
		conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
				"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
		// 维持长连接
		conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
		// 设置浏览器编码
		conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
		DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
		// 将请求参数数据向服务器端发送
		dos.writeChars(sb.toString());
		dos.flush();
		dos.close();
		if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
			byte[] data = FileUtil.readInputStream(conn.getInputStream());
			return new String(data);
		} else {
			int errorCode = conn.getResponseCode();
			return null;
		}

	}

	/**
	 * HTTP DOPOST httpClient
	 */
	public static String httpDoPostByMapParams(Context mContext,
			String homeUrl, Map<String, Object> params, String tag,
			String filePath) throws Exception {
		HttpClient httpClient;
		HttpPost httpPost;
		MultipartEntity mpEntity = new MultipartEntity();
		String ret = null;
		HttpParams httpparms = new BasicHttpParams();
		HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
		HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
		httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpparms);
		httpPost = new HttpPost(homeUrl);
		if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
			for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				mpEntity.addPart(entry.getKey(),
						new StringBody((String) (entry.getValue() == null ? ""
								: entry.getValue()), Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
			}
		}
		if (filePath != null && !"".equals(filePath)) {
			mpEntity.addPart(tag, new FileBody(new File(filePath)));
		}
		LogHelper.i("homeUrl-->" + homeUrl);
		try {
			httpPost.setEntity(mpEntity);
			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				return EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
			} else {

				return null;
			}
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/*
	 * 多参数传递
	 */
	// //队列执行
	public static String httpDoPostByMapParams2(Context mContext,
			String homeUrl, String... params) throws Exception {
		HttpClient httpClient;
		HttpPost httpPost;
		MultipartEntity mpEntity = new MultipartEntity();
		String ret = null;
		HttpParams httpparms = new BasicHttpParams();
		HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
		HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
		httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpparms);
		httpPost = new HttpPost(homeUrl);
		if (params != null && params.length > 0) {
			for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i += 2) {
				mpEntity.addPart(params[i], new StringBody(
						(String) (params[i + 1] == null ? "" : params[i + 1]),
						Charset.forName("UTF-8")));

			}
		}

		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
			sb.append(params[i] + "&");
		}
		LogHelper.i("homeUrl2-->" + homeUrl);
		LogHelper.i("params-->" + sb.toString());
		try {
			httpPost.setEntity(mpEntity);
			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				return EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
			} else {
				LogHelper.e(TAG, "访问错误--"
						+ httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
				LogHelper
						.e(TAG,
								"访问错误--"
										+ EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse
												.getEntity()));
			}
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 以普通的带参数的方式请求http 服务
	 * 
	 * @param mainUrl
	 *            不带参数的 主url地址
	 * @param paramsList
	 *            参数列表
	 * @return 返回响应的字符串
	 */
	public static String HttpDoPostByValuePair(Context mContext,
			String homeUrl, List<NameValuePair> paramsList) {
		try {

			BasicNameValuePair nameValuePair1 = new BasicNameValuePair(
					"source", "1000");
			BasicNameValuePair nameValuePair2 = new BasicNameValuePair(
					"status", "1000");

			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(homeUrl);
			httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramsList, HTTP.UTF_8));
			HttpResponse Response = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpPost);
			if (Response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) // 状态码
			{
				String result = EntityUtils.toString(Response.getEntity());
				return result;
			} else {
				return null;
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	//

	public static String httpGetByMapParams(Context mContext, String homeUrl,
			Map<String, Object> params) throws Exception {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(homeUrl);
		sb.append('?');
		if (params != null) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				sb.append(entry.getKey())
						.append('=')
						.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue().toString(),
								"UTF-8")).append('&');
			}
		}
		sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
		URL url = new URL(sb.toString());
		LogHelper.i("请求地址-->" + sb.toString());
		HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
		conn.setConnectTimeout(25 * 1000);
		conn.setReadTimeout(25 * 1000);
		// conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate,sdch");
		if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
			byte[] data = FileUtil.readInputStream(conn.getInputStream());
			return new String(data);
		} else {
		}
		return null;
	}

	public static String httpGetByMapParams(Context mContext, String homeUrl,
			Map<String, Object> params, boolean gzip) throws Exception {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(homeUrl);
		sb.append('?');
		if (params != null) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				sb.append(entry.getKey())
						.append('=')
						.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue().toString(),
								"UTF-8")).append('&');
			}
		}
		sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
		URL url = new URL(sb.toString());
		LogHelper.i("请求地址-->" + sb.toString());
		HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
		conn.setConnectTimeout(25 * 1000);
		conn.setReadTimeout(25 * 1000);
		conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
		conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");
		if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
			InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
			is = new GZIPInputStream(is);
			byte[] data = FileUtil.readInputStream(is);
			return new String(data, "UTF-8");
		} else {
		}
		return null;
	}

	public static String uploadFile(Context mContext, String homeUrl,
			Map<String, String> params, String filetag, final File file) {
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		HttpClient httpClient;
		HttpPost httpPost;
		MMultipartEntity mpEntity = new MMultipartEntity(
				new ProgressListener() {
					@Override
					public void transferred(long num) {
					}
				});
		try {
			HttpParams httpparms = new BasicHttpParams();
			HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
			HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
			httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpparms);
			httpPost = new HttpPost(homeUrl);
			if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
				for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
					mpEntity.addPart(
							entry.getKey(),
							new StringBody(entry.getValue() == null ? ""
									: entry.getValue(), Charset
									.forName("UTF-8")));
				}
			}
			if (file != null) {
				mpEntity.addPart(filetag, new FileBody(file));
			}
			httpPost.setEntity(mpEntity);
			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {

				long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
				LogHelper.i("Http响应时间---%  " + (end - start) + "   毫秒" + "  %"
						+ (end - start) / 1000f + "   秒");

				return EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
			} else {
				return null;
			}

		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	public static String uploadFile(Context mContext, String homeUrl,
			Map<String, String> params, String filetag, final File file,
			final String path, final Handler mHandler) {
		long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
		HttpClient httpClient;
		HttpPost httpPost;
		MMultipartEntity mpEntity = new MMultipartEntity(
				new MMultipartEntity.ProgressListener() {

					@Override
					public void transferred(long num) {

					}
				});
		try {
			HttpParams httpparms = new BasicHttpParams();
			HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
			HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpparms, 25 * 1000);
			httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpparms);
			httpPost = new HttpPost(homeUrl);
			if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
				for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
					mpEntity.addPart(
							entry.getKey(),
							new StringBody(entry.getValue() == null ? ""
									: entry.getValue(), Charset
									.forName("UTF-8")));
				}
			}
			if (file != null) {
				mpEntity.addPart(filetag, new FileBody(file));
			}
			httpPost.setEntity(mpEntity);
			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
				LogHelper.i("Http响应时间---%  " + (end - start) + "   毫秒" + "  %"
						+ (end - start) / 1000f + "   秒");
				return EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
			} else {
				return null;
			}

		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}
}